中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 452-457.doi: 10.12307/2023.884

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

磁响应水凝胶在骨组织工程中的作用与优势

陈品叡1,2,裴锡波1,2,薛轶元2,3   

  1. 1四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市  610041;2口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学中心,四川省成都市  610041;3四川大学华西口腔医院锦江门诊,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-14 接受日期:2023-01-03 出版日期:2024-01-28 发布日期:2023-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 薛轶元,主治医师,四川大学华西口腔医学院博士,四川大学华西口腔医院锦江门诊,四川省成都市 610041; 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学中心,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:陈品叡,男,1998年生,中国台湾省人,汉族,四川大学华西口腔医学院在读硕士,主要从事磁性纳米粒子组织工程学方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82271016),项目负责人:裴锡波;四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC1364),项目负责人:薛轶元

Function and advantages of magnetically responsive hydrogel in bone tissue engineering

Chen Pinrui1, 2, Pei Xibo1, 2, Xue Yiyuan2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 2National Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, National Oral Disease Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 3Jinjiang Clinic of West China Stomatological Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-14 Accepted:2023-01-03 Online:2024-01-28 Published:2023-07-10
  • Contact: Xue Yiyuan, MD, Attending physician, National Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, National Oral Disease Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; Jinjiang Clinic of West China Stomatological Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Pinrui, Master candidate, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; National Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, National Oral Disease Clinical Medical Center, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82271016 (to PXB); the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, No. 2022NSFSC1364 (to XYY)

摘要:


文题释义:

磁响应水凝胶:是一种含有微米/纳米磁性颗粒,可快速响应外部磁场的可调性智能水凝胶。目前研究者们主要专注于研究含有磁性纳米粒子的水凝胶,由于它们的超顺性和磁响应特性,这些水凝胶已被证明比具有微米级磁性材料的水凝胶更适用于生物医学应用。
磁响应水凝胶的用途:磁响应水凝胶具有优异的性能,可用于研发功能性复合支架,能够在目标区域骨组织形成的初始阶段提供结构支撑,并允许经体外培养扩增的成骨相关细胞和生长因子负载其中。随着支架逐步降解,靶向释放生长因子,种子细胞不断增殖分化,最终达到减少愈合时间和并发症的目的,促进成骨。


背景:磁响应水凝胶在骨组织工程中具有极大的优势,有利于微创、高效地促进成骨。

目的:阐述磁响应水凝胶在骨组织工程领域的应用进展。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、万方和中国知网数据库检索相关文献,英文检索词为“Magnetic Hydrogels,Magnetic Nanoparticles,Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles,Fe3O4,SPIONs,Magnetic Fields,Bone Regeneration,Bone Repair,Bone Tissue Engineering ”;中文检索词为“磁性水凝胶、磁性纳米粒子、超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒、磁场、氧化铁纳米粒、骨再生、骨重建、骨修复、骨组织工程”,根据纳入与排除标准对所有文章进行初筛后,最终纳入60篇文章进行综述。

结果与结论:①近年来由于磁性纳米粒子的出现,大量的磁响应支架材料被开发出来,其中,含有氧化铁纳米粒子和超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子的磁响应水凝胶力学性能突出、生物相容性良好,能够快速响应外部磁场,为种子细胞提供成骨所需的磁机械信号。②磁响应水凝胶可以作为载体精准调控生长因子的释放时机。③基于磁响应水凝胶的三维微环境培养平台下,磁响应水凝胶与细胞之间的界面磁力能够激活细胞表面敏感受体、增强细胞活性、促进新生骨质与宿主骨的整合。④可注射磁响应水凝胶能够应用于骨肿瘤的磁热疗以及生物成像领域。⑤目前,磁响应水凝胶有望模拟出天然骨组织中观察到的各向异性分层结构,然而关于磁响应水凝胶的研究大多集中于体外研究,与体内的局部微环境作用机制仍然不充分。⑥因此,目前基于磁性纳米粒子已经成功地应用于磁共振成像的示踪,未来有望在磁性纳米粒子的性能上优化,构建具有合适降解性能、机械性能和血管功能化的能够实时监测体内变化的磁响应水凝胶。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5496-8338(陈品叡);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8558-0080(薛轶元)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 磁响应水凝胶, 磁性纳米颗粒, 氧化铁纳米颗粒, 超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒, 磁场, 骨再生, 骨组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetically responsive hydrogels have great advantages in bone tissue engineering, which is more conducive to the minimally invasive and efficient promotion of osteogenesis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application advances of magnetically responsive hydrogels in bone tissue engineering. 
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, WanFang and CNKI databases were used to search relevant literature. The English search terms were “Magnetic Hydrogels, Magnetic Nanoparticles, Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles, Fe3O4, SPIONs, Magnetic Fields, Bone Regeneration, Bone Repair, Bone Tissue Engineering”. The Chinese search terms were “Magnetic Hydrogel, Magnetic Nanoparticles, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, Magnetic Field, Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, Bone Regeneration, Bone Reconstruction, Bone Repair, Bone Tissue Engineering”. After preliminary screening of all articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 articles were finally retained for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In recent years, due to the emergence of magnetic nanoparticles, more and more magnetic responsive scaffold materials have been developed. Among them, magnetic responsive hydrogels containing iron oxide nanoparticles and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have outstanding mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. It can quickly respond to the external magnetic field and provide the magnetic-mechanical signals needed for seed cells to form bone. (2) Magnetic-responsive hydrogel can be used as a carrier to accurately regulate the release time of growth factors. (3) Under the three-dimensional microenvironment culture platform based on magnetically responsive hydrogel, the magnetic force at the interface between the magnetic response hydrogel and cells can activate cell surface sensitive receptors, enhance cell activity, and promote the integration of new bone and host bone. (4) The injectable magnetically responsive hydrogel can be used in the field of magnetic hyperthermia and biological imaging of bone tumors. (5) At present, magnetically responsive hydrogels are expected to mimic the anisotropic layered structure observed in natural bone tissue. However, most of the studies on magnetically responsive hydrogels focus on in vitro studies, and the mechanism of interaction between magnetically responsive hydrogels and the local microenvironment in vivo is still insufficient. (6) Therefore, based on the successful application of magnetic nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging, it is expected to optimize the properties of magnetic nanoparticles in the future to construct magnetic responsive hydrogels with suitable degradation properties, mechanical properties, and vascular functionalization, which can monitor changes in vivo in real time.

Key words: magnetically responsive hydrogel, magnetic nanoparticle, iron oxide nanoparticle, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, magnetic field, bone regeneration, bone tissue engineering

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