中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3796-3800.doi: 10.12307/2024.096

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

穿骨道与带线锚钉固定重建内侧髌股韧带的三维有限元分析

赵  改1,2,刘嶺俊2,殷  浩2,宁仁德2,徐  斌1   

  1. 1安徽医科大学第一附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市   230022;2安徽医科大学第三附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市   230061
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-08 接受日期:2023-07-04 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 徐斌,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,安徽医科大学第一附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市 230022
  • 作者简介:赵改,男,1985年生,安徽省肥东县人,在读硕士,副主任医师,主要从事运动医学及复杂创伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金项目(18080985MH243),项目负责人:徐斌

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with transosseous and wire anchor fixation

Zhao Gai1, 2, Liu Lingjun2, Yin Hao2, Ning Rende2, Xu Bin1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2023-05-08 Accepted:2023-07-04 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-20
  • Contact: Xu Bin, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Gai, Master candidate, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230061, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Anhui Natural Science Foundation Project, No. 18080985MH243 (to XB)

摘要:


文题释义:

髌骨脱位:指髌骨在活动过程中脱出股骨滑车凹,髌骨关节面和股骨滑车关节面对合发生异常的现象。其在所有膝关节疾病中的发病率约占3%,大多数发生于青少年,女性多于男性。髌骨脱位发病原因较多,如内侧支持带松弛、髌骨发育畸形、股骨滑车发育不良、多发性韧带松弛等,根本原因是髌股关节在屈伸活动中所处的异常力学环境所致。
内侧髌股韧带重建:一般是采用自体或异体肌腱分别在内侧髌股韧带的髌骨足印区和股骨止点进行固定,是纠正髌骨脱位的基础术式,其目的在于恢复髌股关节的对合关系和动态稳定性。还可根据髌骨脱位的类型及程度,配合髌骨外侧支持带松解、胫骨结节移位和髌骨滑车成形等术式进行综合治疗。


背景:内侧髌股韧带重建是治疗髌骨脱位的主要和基础治疗方法,一般是采用自体或异体肌腱分别在内侧髌股韧带的髌骨足印区和股骨止点进行固定,其有多种固定方式。髌骨侧止点固定方式较为多样,主要有传统经骨道和近年来的锚钉固定法,包括单隧道、双隧道穿骨固定和2枚带线锚钉固定等方式,但何种固定方式更能减少髌股关节应力及更符合生物力学尚无定论。

目的:观察单隧道穿骨道与带线锚钉2种髌骨端固定方式重建内侧髌股韧带对髌股关节和内侧髌股韧带力学的影响。
方法:建立膝关节三维有限元模型,髌骨侧行单隧道穿骨道或髌骨内侧缘2枚带线锚钉固定重建内侧髌股韧带,股骨侧均用挤压钉固定于股骨内上髁和内收肌结节中点,观察膝关节在屈曲0°,30°,60°,90°,120°时,2种固定方法对髌股关节及内侧髌股韧带的应力影响。

结果与结论:①无论种哪固定方式,膝关节屈曲0°-60°时,髌股关节的应力较大,在30°时达到高峰,90°,120°逐渐减小;2种固定方式对髌股关节的应力差异较小;②内侧髌股韧带上的应力均在30°位最大,60°位后明显减少,且在各角度锚钉固定时内侧髌股韧带上应力均明显大于穿骨固定方式;③结果显示,2种固定方式对髌股关节应力的影响差距不大,但锚钉固定时内侧髌股韧带上应力明显大于穿骨固定。

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9650-5180 (赵改) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 髌骨脱位, 内侧髌股韧带, 三维重建, 应力, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament is the primary and basic treatment for patellofemoral dislocation. Generally, autologous or allogeneic tendons are used to fix the patellofemoral podogram area and the femoral insertion, respectively. There are various fixation methods. Patellar lateral insertion fixation methods are relatively diverse, mainly traditional transosseous fixation and recent anchoring methods, including single tunnel, double-tunnel transosseous fixation, and two-wire anchor fixation. However, which fixation method is more effective in reducing patellofemoral joint stress and is more biomechanical has not been determined.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the mechanical effects of patellofemoral joint and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with transosseous and wire anchor fixation. 
METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of the knee joint was constructed. The medial patellofemoral ligament was reconstructed by a single tunnel through the bony canal or two wire anchors at the medial edge of the patella. The femoral side was fixed by extrusion nails to the medial epicondyle of the femur and the midpoint of the adductor tubercle. We observed the effects of the two fixation methods on patellofemoral joint and medial patellofemoral ligament loading during knee flexion at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120°.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The stress on the patellofemoral joint was large when the knee was at flexion of 0-60°, peaked at 30°, and gradually decreased at 90° and 120°. The two fixation methods had little difference in the stress on the patellofemoral joint. (2) The stress on the medial patellofemoral ligament peaked at 30° and decreased significantly at 60°, and the load on the medial patellofemoral ligament was significantly greater at all angles with anchor fixation than with bony canal fixation. (3) The results showed that there was no significant difference in patellofemoral joint loading between the two fixation methods, but the stress on the medial patellofemoral ligament in anchoring was significantly greater than that in transosseous fixation.

Key words: patellofemoral dislocation, medial patellofemoral ligament, three-dimensional reconstruction, stress, finite element analysis

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