中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 3339-3343.doi: 10.12307/2024.066

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

下颈椎关节突三维参数测量与关节突螺钉导向器的设计

李忠伟,褚福超,杲春玖,袁  峰   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院脊柱外科,江苏省徐州市   221006
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-01 接受日期:2023-05-10 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2023-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 袁峰,博士,主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院脊柱外科,江苏省徐州市 221006
  • 作者简介:李忠伟,男,1996年生,安徽省淮北市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省卫生健康委员会重点项目(ZD2022064),项目负责人:袁峰

Measurement of three-dimensional parameters of lower cervical facet joints and design of transarticular facet screw guide

Li Zhongwei, Chu Fuchao, Gao Chunjiu, Yuan Feng   

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-01 Accepted:2023-05-10 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2023-09-27
  • Contact: Yuan Feng, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Li Zhongwei, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission, No. ZD2022064 (to YF)

摘要:


文题释义:

颈椎关节突关节:由相邻两颈椎椎体后方的上下关节突组成,与前方的椎体以及椎间盘一起维持颈椎的稳定。上下关节接触面与相应节段的椎体平面呈40°-45°的夹角,这一特殊的解剖特征导致其活动范围较大且稳定性较差,故容易受到损伤,这也是颈椎容易发生退行性改变的重要因素之一。

经关节突螺钉:下颈椎经关节突螺钉技术是1972年Roy Camille和Saillant首次在下颈椎中使用。较为被大家公认的下颈椎关节突螺钉置入方法有 3 种:Klekamp法、Takayasu法及 Dalcanto法。与常用的侧块钉棒技术相比,经关节突螺钉技术虽然操作难度高,但是手术创伤小,术后恢复快且稳定性与侧块螺钉技术相当,在临床应用中具有明显优势。


背景:近年来,颈椎关节突关节在颈椎病的发病机制和外科治疗中逐渐被重视,但是目前关于成人下颈椎关节突关节的解剖学研究相对较少。
目的:测量下颈椎关节突三维参数,为下颈椎经关节突螺钉导向器的设计提供依据。
方法:选取2021年6月至2022年6月于徐州医科大学附属医院行颈椎CT检查人员100例,男50例,女50例,年龄20-50岁。经筛选每例图像均无颈椎椎管狭窄、颈椎椎间盘突出、明显的骨质增生、感染及肿瘤等病变。经过三维重建后,测量C3-7每个节段颈椎关节突关节矢状面上的倾斜角和矢状面下颈椎经关节突螺钉与关节突关节面的夹角。根据统计分析测量结果,利用CAD软件设计出下颈椎经关节突螺钉导向器。

结果与结论:矢状面颈椎关节突关节面倾斜角以C5为中心呈U形分布,大小关系为C7 > C6 > C3 > C4 > C5;矢状面上经关节突螺钉角度大小关系为:C6/7 > C5/6 > C4/5 > C3/4,其中C3/4、C4/5、C5/6角度均接近90°,C6/7角度超过100°。通过测量矢状面颈椎关节突关节面倾斜角和经关节突螺钉角度,设计出了矢状面垂直于关节突关节面的导向器。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3687-8726 (李忠伟) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 颈椎三维重建, 颈椎关节突关节倾斜角, 下颈椎经关节突螺钉

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, cervical facet joints have been paid more and more attention to the pathogenesis and surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis, but there are few anatomical studies on adult lower cervical facet joints. 
OBJECTIVE: To measure three-dimensional parameters of the lower cervical facet to provide a basis for the design of the lower cervical transarticular facet screw guide.
METHODS: From June 2021 to June 2022, 100 cases receiving cervical spine CT examination in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected, with 50 males and 50 females, aged 20-50 years. After screening, each image showed no cervical spinal stenosis, cervical disc herniation, obvious bone hyperplasia, infection or tumor. The sagittal inclination angle of each segment of the cervical spine facet joint and the angle between the lower cervical spine facet joint surface and the transarticular facet joint screw at the C3-7 levels were measured after 3D reconstruction. According to the measurement results of statistical analysis, a lower cervical transarticular facet screw guide was designed using CAD software.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The inclination angle of the cervical facet joint surface on the sagittal plane was distributed in a U-shaped shape centered on C5, and the magnitude relationship was C7 > C6 > C3 > C4 > C5. The relationship between transarticular facet screw angles on the sagittal plane was: C6/7 > C5/6 > C4/5 > C3/4, where the angle of C3/4, C4/5 and C5/6 was close to 90°, and the angle of C6/7 exceeded 100°. By measuring the sagittal inclination angle of the cervical facet joint and the angle of the transarticular facet screw, this study designed a guide that was perpendicular to the lower cervical facet joint surface in the sagittal plane.

Key words: three-dimensional reconstruction of cervical vertebrae, cervical facet joint inclination angle, lower cervical transarticular facet screw

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