中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (22): 3566-3572.doi: 10.12307/2022.286

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米粒子:缺血性脑卒中治疗新策略

夏克尔扎提·肖哈拉提,王晓蓓,王  琳   

  1. 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院检验科,湖北省武汉市    430000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-15 修回日期:2021-02-05 接受日期:2021-05-28 出版日期:2022-08-08 发布日期:2022-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 王琳,博士,教授,主任医师,华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院检验科,湖北省武汉市 430000 王晓蓓,博士,副教授,副主任医师,华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院检验科,湖北省武汉市 430000
  • 作者简介:夏克尔扎提·肖哈拉提,男,1995年生,新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市人,维吾尔族,华中科技大学在读硕士,主要从事中枢神经及外周神经再生方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(8187081092,项目名称:导电丝胶神经导管联合基因编辑技术的长距离外周神经再生新策略研究;8167080922,项目名称:个性化丝胶神经导管的设计及其在外周神经损伤模型中的应用研究),项目负责人:王琳

Nanoparticles: a novel strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke

Xiakeerzhati•Xiaohalati, Wang Xiaobei, Wang Lin   

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-15 Revised:2021-02-05 Accepted:2021-05-28 Online:2022-08-08 Published:2022-01-12
  • Contact: Wang Lin, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China Wang Xiaobei, MD, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Xiakeerzhati•Xiaohalati, Master candidate, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 8187081092, No. 8167080922 (to WL)

摘要:

文题释义:
缺血性脑卒中:是由于脑血管狭窄或堵塞导致的急性脑血管疾病,俗称脑中风,具有较高的发病率和死亡率,可导致患者残疾,严重降低生活质量。
纳米粒子:是粒径在1-100 nm之间的微小颗粒,因其具有生物相容性好及渗透性、载药能力及降解能力强等特性被广泛应用于药物递送、癌症治疗、生物成像等领域。

背景:纳米粒子是一类具有纳米级尺寸的生物材料,在神经干细胞增殖与分化、神经保护性药物递送以及自由基清除等方面表现出优越的性能。
目的:归纳总结已经研发的用于缺血性脑卒中治疗的纳米粒子及性能,分析其针对缺血性脑卒中病理过程的治疗作用和相关机制。 
方法:应用计算机检索2000年1月至2020年12月PubMed数据库、万方数据库及中国知网数据库收录的相关文献,英文检索词为“Ischemic stroke,Nanomaterials,Nanoparticles,Nanozyme”,中文检索词为“缺血性脑卒中或脑梗塞、纳米粒子、纳米酶”。根据纳入和排除标准最终选择 79篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:纳米粒子在缺血性脑卒中治疗方面取得了一定的进展。有关研究表明,纳米粒子通过:①作为载药系统搭载神经保护性药物及分子,实现跨血脑屏障靶向给药;②利用本身抗氧化等固有特性,促进脑组织再生;③联合干细胞治疗,提高内源性神经发生和外源性干细胞移植治疗疗效。但是目前有关研究较少,且缺乏一个系统的适于缺血性脑卒中治疗的纳米粒子设计标准和最佳配方。未来需要在进一步探讨缺血性脑卒中疾病机制的基础上充分理解纳米粒子与生物系统之间的相互作用,从而合理设计脑靶向纳米粒子治疗系统,以促进其临床应用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-5243 (夏克尔扎提·肖哈拉提) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, 纳米粒子, 药物递送, 纳米酶, 干细胞, 组织工程, 神经再生, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a class of nano-scaled biomaterials, nanoparticles have exhibited outstanding performances in promoting neural stem cells proliferation and differentiation, delivering therapeutic molecules and drugs, and scavenging excessive radical oxygen species.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the properties of nanoparticles for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and to analyze their therapeutic effects and related treatment mechanism on the pathological process of ischemic stroke.
METHODS: The author searched the relevant articles collected by PubMed, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database from January 2000 to December 2020. The key words were “ischemic stroke, nanomaterials, nanoparticles, nanozyme” in English, and “ischemic stroke or cerebral infarction, nanoparticles, nanozyme” in Chinese. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 79 articles were finally selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nanoparticles have made great progress in the treatment of ischemic stroke. A large number of studies have shown that (1) nanoparticles can be used as a drug delivery system to deliver neuroprotective drugs and molecules and to achieve targeted drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier. (2) Nanoparticles can promote brain tissue regeneration through their inherent anti-oxidation properties. (3) Nanoparticle combined with stem cell therapy can improve the efficacy of endogenous neurogenesis and exogenous stem cell transplantation. However, a very little proportion of studies have focused on this field, and meanwhile lacking a systematic design standard and optimal formulation of nanoparticles for ischemic stroke treatment. In the future, it is necessary to further explore the disease mechanism of ischemic stroke and fully understand the interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems, thereby designing a brain-targeted nanoparticle therapy system to promote its clinical application.

Key words: ischemic stroke, nanoparticles, drug delivery, nanozyme, stem cells, tissue engineering, nerve regeneration, review

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