中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 1477-1482.doi: 10.12307/2022.190

• 组织工程骨材料Tissue-engineered bone •    下一篇

骨质疏松患者经皮椎体成形后骨水泥渗漏风险分析及预测模型验证

李文乐1,2,3,王浩胜4,宁丽俊5,张文石6,高  森7,孙丽君8,胡朝晖3   

  1. 咸阳市中心医院,1临床医学研究中心,2骨科,陕西省咸阳市  712000;柳州市人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-25 修回日期:2020-11-30 接受日期:2020-12-31 出版日期:2022-04-08 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 胡朝晖,博士,教授,主任医师,柳州市人民医院脊柱外科,广西壮族自治区柳州市 545000
  • 作者简介:李文乐,男,1992年生,陕西省咸阳市人,汉族,骨外科学硕士,医师,研究员,主要从事骨科疾病的诊疗和疾病临床预测模型的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(81260274),项目负责人:胡朝晖;柳州市科学与技术研发计划资助(2014J030405),项目负责人:胡朝晖

Analysis of the risk for bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporosis patients and model verification

Li Wenle1, 2, 3, Wang Haosheng4, Ning Lijun5, Zhang Wenshi6, Gao Sen7, Sun Lijun8, Hu Zhaohui3   

  1. 1Clinical Medical Research Center, 2Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-11-25 Revised:2020-11-30 Accepted:2020-12-31 Online:2022-04-08 Published:2021-10-25
  • Contact: Hu Zhaohui, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Li Wenle, Master, Physician, Researcher, Clinical Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81260274 (to HZH); the Research and Development Program of Science and Technology in Liuzhou, No. 2014J030405 (to HZH) 

摘要:

文题释义:
椎体成形:经皮穿刺,通过椎弓根或椎弓根外途径向病变或损伤椎体内注入骨水泥(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)达到强化椎体加椎体强度和稳定性、防止塌陷、缓解疼痛的技术,具有操作简单、创伤小、安全性高的特点,在临床经常被用于治疗骨质疏松性压缩骨折。
Nomogram:通过构建多因素回归模型,根据模型中各个影响因素对结局变量的贡献程度给每个影响因素的每个取值水平进行赋分,然后再将各个评分相加得到总评分,最后通过总评分与结局事件发生概率之间的函数转换关系,从而计算出该个体结局事件的预测值。Nomogram将复杂的回归方程转变为了可视化的图形,使预测模型的结果更具有可读性,方便对患者进行评估。

背景:骨水泥渗漏是经皮椎体成形治疗最常见的并发症,但有关骨水泥出现渗漏的危险因素仍在争论中。
目的:探讨经皮椎体成形后骨水泥渗漏的危险因素,并建立与验证预测模型。
方法:选择2016年6月至2018年6月在柳州市人民医院脊柱外科接受经皮椎体成形治疗的骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者进行回顾性分析,共纳入385例,其中男77例,女308例。选取年龄、性别、骨密度、身高、体质量、体质量指数、住院时间、骨水泥量、手术时间、住院到手术时间、受伤到手术时间、是否多椎体骨折及类固醇药物使用对经皮椎体成形术后骨水泥渗漏的发生进行单因素和多因素分析,以确定相关的危险因素,同时建立预测模型并进行验证。研究通过柳州市人民医院的机构审查委员会伦理审查。
结果与结论:①385例患者中81例出现骨水泥渗漏,单因素Logistic分析结果显示,骨水泥注射量、手术时长和是否多椎体骨折与术后骨水泥渗漏有关(P < 0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,更高的骨水泥注射量[OR=1.283,95%CI(1.004,1.640),P < 0.05]、更长的手术时间[OR=1.0.15,95%CI(1.003,1.027),P < 0.05]及多椎体骨折[OR=2.456,95%CI(1.461,4.130),P < 0.05]患者有更大的骨水泥渗漏风险;②进一步建立临床预测模型(Nomogram)并对其进行验证,结果显示ROC=0.683,拟合优度检验结果P=0.592,提示该模型具有较好预测能力;③结果表明,骨水泥注射量、手术时长、多椎体骨折是经皮椎体成形术后骨水泥渗漏危险因素,Nomogram可以较准确预测经皮椎体成形术后骨水泥渗漏的发生。


关键词: 骨水泥, 骨质疏松, 椎体压缩骨折, 经皮椎体成形, 骨水泥渗漏, 风险因素, Nomogram

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cement leakage is the most common complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty, but the risk factors for cement leakage are still under debate.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty, establish and verify the prediction model. 
METHODS: Data of 385 patients with osteoporotic compression fractures that received percutaneous vertebroplasty in the Department of Spinal Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 77 males and 308 females. Age, sex, bone density, height, weight, body mass index, length of hospital stay, bone cement quantity, operation time, hospitalization to operation time, injury to operation time, whether more vertebral fractures, and steroid use in percutaneous vertebroplasty of postoperative bone cement leakage were analyzed using single factor and multiple factors analysis to identify the associated risk factors, and the forecast model was established and verified. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee of Liuzhou People’s Hospital.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Bone cement leakage was observed in 81 of 385 patients. Single-factor Logistic regression analysis results showed that the injection amount of bone cement, operation duration and multiple vertebral fractures were correlated with bone cement leakage (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that higher bone cement injection volume [OR=1.283, 95%CI (1.004, 1.640), P < 0.05], longer operation time [OR=1.015, 95%CI (1.003, 1.027), P < 0.05] and multiple vertebral fractures [OR=2.456, 95%CI (1.461, 4.130), P < 0.05] patients had a greater risk of bone cement leakage. (2) The Nomogram was further established and validated. Results demonstrated that ROC=0.683, and the goodness of fit test result P=0.592, suggesting that the model has good predictive ability. (3) Results suggested that the injection amount of bone cement, operation time and multi-vertebral fracture were the risk factors for bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty. Nomogram established can exactly predict the occurrence of bone cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty.  

Key words: bone cement, osteoporotic, vertebral compression fracture, percutaneous vertebroplasty, bone cement leakage, risk factors, Nomogram

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