中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (36): 5831-5836.doi: 10.12307/2022.790

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换过程中不用止血带:前瞻性随机对照试验

马桥桥,吴泽睿,郭卓涛,张  凯,查国春,郭开今   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市   221000
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-21 接受日期:2021-12-31 出版日期:2022-12-28 发布日期:2022-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 查国春,博士,副主任医师,徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市 221000
  • 作者简介:马桥桥,男,1992年生,安徽省萧县人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省青年医学人才项目(QNRC2016800),项目负责人:查国春;江苏省卫生计生委面上项目(H2017081),项目负责人:查国春

Absence of a tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Ma Qiaoqiao, Wu Zerui, Guo Zhuotao, Zhang Kai, Zha Guochun, Guo Kaijin   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-11-21 Accepted:2021-12-31 Online:2022-12-28 Published:2022-04-27
  • Contact: Zha Guochun, MD, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Ma Qiaoqiao, Master candidate, Physician, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Young Medical Talent Project of Jiangsu Province, No. QNRC2016800 (to ZGC); General Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, No. H2017081 (to ZGC)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨水泥渗透深度:骨水泥层包括假体与骨面之间层和骨水泥渗入松质骨层,骨水泥渗入胫骨假体和胫骨小梁之间3.0-4.0 mm被认为是最佳深度。
全膝关节置换:人工全膝关节包括股骨假体和胫骨假体,通过在假体上涂抹骨水泥使假体与骨结合,全膝关节置换是使用人工假体治疗已被严重损坏膝关节,达到消除疼痛、矫正畸形、提高生活质量的目的。

背景:全膝关节置换是治疗终末期膝关节骨性关节炎的最有效方法,但全膝关节置换过程中是否应该使用止血带,学术界尚存争议。
目的:探讨全膝关节置换过程中是否使用止血带对置换后临床疗效及影像学结果的影响。
方法:2019年9月到2020年9月对因退变性骨关节炎行初次全膝关节置换的患者进行前瞻性随机对照研究。所有患者均采用相同设计骨水泥固定型假体,随机分为术中使用止血带组(对照组)和不使用止血带组(试验组)。为了使临床资料具有可比性,两组患者设定相同的随访时间点,均设定为术后12个月。共100例患者纳入最终分析(试验组49例,对照组51例),对其临床疗效、骨水泥渗透深度和术后并发症发生率等进行评估。
结果与结论:①两组患者均顺利完成手术;试验组(0例)髌骨外支持带松解率低于对照组(6例)(P=0.040);②试验组置换后第7天目测类比评分低于对照组(P=0.00),置换后1个月两组目测类比评分相比差异无显著性意义(P=0.61);③置换后12个月时试验组与对照组膝关节活动度、术后1个月膝关节KSS评分相比差异均无显著性意义;④置换后2 d行X射线片检查,两组骨水泥渗透深度相似(P=0.281);⑤置换后12个月随访,两组患者均未出现假体周围感染、假体松动以及症状性血栓;⑥提示初次全膝关节置换过程中是否使用止血带,对骨水泥渗透深度及临床疗效无影响,但是使用止血带可增加术后7 d内的疼痛程度及术后髌骨外侧支持带松解率。
缩略语:美国膝关节协会评分:American knee society knee score,KSS

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9343-8372 (马桥桥) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨性关节炎, 全膝关节置换, 止血带, 骨水泥渗透, 随访

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty is the most effective method for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis, but whether to use tourniquets during total knee arthroplasty remains controversial in academic circles. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of tourniquet on postoperative clinical efficacy and imaging results during total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: From September 2019 to September 2020, a prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted in patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty for degenerative osteoarthritis. All patients were treated with cement-based prosthesis of the same design, and were randomly divided into intraoperative tourniquet use group (control group) and no tourniquet use group (trial group). To make clinical data comparable, the same follow-up time point was set for both groups, 12 months after surgery. A total of 100 cases (49 cases in the trial group; 51 cases in the control group) were included in the final analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy, penetration depth of bone cement, and incidence of postoperative complications.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation was successfully completed in both groups. The release rate of external patellar retinacular band was lower in the trial group (0 cases) than that in the control group (6 cases) (P=0.040). (2) The visual analogue scale score of the trial group on the 7th postoperative day was lower than that of the control group (P=0.00). Visual analogue scale score between the trial group and the control group had no statistical significance 1 month after surgery (P=0.61). (3) There was no significant difference in the range of motion at 12 months and KSS score at 1 month between the trial group and the control group. (4) X-ray examination 2 days after the operation showed that the penetration depth of bone cement was similar between the two groups (P=0.281). (5) At 12 months after the operation, there was no periprosthetic infection, prosthesis loosening or symptomatic thrombosis in both groups. (6) It is indicated that whether to use tourniquets during primary total knee arthroplasty does not affect penetration depth of bone cement or clinical effect. However, the use of tourniquet can increase the degree of pain within 7 days after operation and the release rate of external patellar retinacular band.

Key words: osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty, tourniquet, bone cement penetration, follow-up

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