中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 1412-1417.doi: 10.12307/2022.438

• 脊柱植入物Spinal implants • 上一篇    下一篇

脊柱和骨盆矢状位参数与椎体成形治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折预后的相关性

遇呈祥,刘乐洪,李文博,陈金石,冉春雷,王忠平   

  1. 重庆三博长安医院外三科,重庆市   400020
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-30 修回日期:2021-06-02 接受日期:2021-08-09 出版日期:2022-03-28 发布日期:2021-12-10
  • 作者简介:遇呈祥,男,1982年生,重庆市人,蒙古族,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱微创外科及老年医学研究。

Correlation between spine-pelvic sagittal parameters and prognosis of vertebroplasty in the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Yu Chengxiang, Liu Lehong, Li Wenbo, Chen Jinshi, Ran Chunlei, Wang Zhongping   

  1. Section III, Department of Surgery, Chongqing Sanbo Chang’an Hospital, Chongqing 400020, China
  • Received:2021-05-30 Revised:2021-06-02 Accepted:2021-08-09 Online:2022-03-28 Published:2021-12-10
  • About author:Yu Chengxiang, Master, Associate chief physician, Scetion III, Department of surgery, Chongqing Sanbo Chang’an Hospital, Chongqing 400020, China

摘要:

文题释义:
矢状面轴向距离:为C7铅垂线同S1后上角垂线的相对关系,是常用于判断脊柱矢状位有无失平衡的一个重要指标,当矢状面轴向距离超过4 cm时为矢状面失平衡,矢状面轴向距离超过9.5 cm时为严重矢状面失平衡。
骨盆投射角:双侧股骨头中心的连线称为髋轴,髋轴中点与骶骨平台中点的连线和骶骨平台垂线所成的角即为骨盆投射角。

背景:相关研究表明,胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩性骨折患者的脊柱和骨盆矢状位参数存在不同程度改变,将导致胸腰椎矢状面失衡。
目的:探讨脊柱和骨盆矢状位参数与椎体成形治疗胸腰椎椎体压缩骨折预后的相关性。
方法:选择2017年5月到2019年6月重庆三博长安医院收治的椎体压缩性骨折患者66例(观察组),年龄61-79岁,接受椎体成形治疗,术前及术后3个月,通过目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数评估患者疼痛与骨盆功能改善情况,通过全脊柱正侧位X射线片测量脊柱和骨盆的矢状位参数、Cobb角与Beck指数;选择同年龄段健康受试者60名(对照组),通过全脊柱正侧位X射线片测量脊柱和骨盆的矢状位参数。试验已通过重庆三博长安医院医院的关伦理审批(医院伦理批件号:[2017]52号文件,审批时间 2017-04-26)。
结果与结论:①观察组患者术后3个月的目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数较术前明显改善(P < 0.05),Cobb角及Beck指数都显著优于术前(P < 0.05);②观察组患者术前的骨盆倾斜角大于对照组(P < 0.05),术前的骶骨倾斜角、腰椎前凸角、矢状位垂直轴、胸椎后凸角均小于对照组(P < 0.05);观察组患者术后3个月的骨盆倾斜角小于术前(P < 0.05,骶骨倾斜角、腰椎前凸角、矢状位垂直轴、胸椎后凸角均大于术前(P < 0.05);③Pearson相关分析显示,术前骨盆入射角、骨盆倾斜角、腰椎前凸角值与总有效率、术后目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数、Cobb角及Beck指数具有相关性(P < 0.05);观察组术后3个月的上述指标与对照组比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④结果表明,椎体成形治疗椎体压缩性骨折具有较好的疗效,可明显缓解疼痛,纠正脊柱和骨盆病理性曲度,恢复脊柱矢状位平衡。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4919-9052 (遇呈祥) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 脊柱, 骨盆, 椎体成形, 矢状位参数, 椎体压缩骨折, 矢状位平衡, 椎体骨折预后, 骨盆倾斜角, 骶骨倾斜角

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Relevant studies have shown that the sagittal parameters of the spine and pelvis of patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures change to varying degrees, which can lead to an imbalance of the thoracolumbar spine.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the sagittal parameters of the spine and pelvis and the prognosis of vertebroplasty in the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.
METHODS:  Totally 66 patients with vertebral compression fractures undergoing vertebroplasty in the Chongqing Sanbo Chang’an Hospital from May 2017 to June 2019 at the age of 61-79 years were enrolled and included in the observation group. Before operation and 3 months after operation, the patient’s pain and improvement of pelvic function were evaluated by visual analog scale score and Oswestry dysfunction index. The sagittal parameters, Cobb angle, and Beck index of the spine and pelvis were measured by X-rays of the whole spine. Sixty healthy subjects of the same age group (control group) were selected, and the sagittal parameters of the spine and pelvis were measured by X-rays of the spine and pelvis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chongqing Sanbo Chang’an Hospital (approval No. [2017]52; approval date: 2017-04-26).  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The visual analog scale score and Oswestry dysfunction index of the observation group were significantly improved 3 months after operation (P < 0.05), and the Cobb angle and Beck index were significantly better than those before the operation (P < 0.05). (2) The pelvic tilt was greater in the observation group than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the pelvic incidence, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, vertical misalignment axis were all smaller in the observation group than those of the control group (P < 0.05). In the observation group, the pelvic tilt was smaller at 3 months after operation than that before operation (P < 0.05), and the pelvic incidence, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and vertical misalignment axis were all greater than those before operation (P < 0.05). (3) Pearson correlation analysis showed that preoperative pelvic incidence angle, pelvic tilt, lumbar lordosis and total effective rate, postoperative visual analogue scale score, Oswestry dysfunction index, Cobb angle and Beck index were correlated (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the above-mentioned indicators and the control group at 3 months after operation (P > 0.05). (4) Results indicate that vertebroplasty has a good curative effect in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. It can significantly relieve pain, correct the pathological curvature of the spine and pelvis, and restore the balance of the spinal column.

Key words: spine, pelvis, vertebroplasty, sagittal parameters, vertebral compression fracture, sagittal balance, vertebral fracture prognosis, pelvic tilt angle, sacral tilt angle

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