中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 5391-5396.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2887

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

氨甲环酸对软骨毒性的研究进展

韩康杰1,兰  彤1,高  宏2   

  1. 1山西医科大学,山西省太原市  0300012山西医科大学第一医院骨科,山西省太原市  030001

  • 收稿日期:2020-02-19 修回日期:2020-02-17 接受日期:2020-03-24 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2020-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 高宏,主任医师,山西医科大学第一医院,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:韩康杰,男,1995年生,山西省临汾市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,主要从事髋膝关节领域研究。

Research progress regarding the toxicity of tranexamic acid to cartilage

Han Kangjie1, Lan Tong1, Gao Hong2   

  1. 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

  • Received:2020-02-19 Revised:2020-02-17 Accepted:2020-03-24 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Gao Hong, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Han Kangjie, Master candidate, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

氨甲环酸:是一种合成的赖氨酸类似物,被广泛用于抑制纤溶亢进所致的出血,故又被称为凝血酸或止血环酸。氨甲环酸作为临床中经常使用的止血药物,在外科手术、妇产科手术、上消化道出血、心脏外科手术、产后大量出血、骨科手术、外伤和多种止血障碍中发挥了巨大作用,能通过竞争性抑制纤溶酶原与纤维蛋白结合,降低纤溶酶活性,达到抑制纤溶反应、减少失血的效果。

关节镜是一种观察关节内部结构直径5 mm左右的棒状光学器械,用于诊治关节疾患的内窥镜。关节镜在一根细管的端部装有一个透镜,将细管插入关节内部,关节内部的结构便会在监视器上显示出来,因此可直接观察到关节内部的结构,避免许多关节切开手术。关节镜不仅用于疾病的诊断,而且已经被广泛用于关节疾病的治疗。

背景:氨甲环酸作为止血药物已被广泛应用于骨科手术中,但是关节镜手术后使用会将软骨、肌腱和韧带直接暴露于氨甲环酸中,有必要再次重申软骨的重要性。

目的:通过目前已有的实验研究和临床资料分析局部应用氨甲环酸对软骨的影响。

方法通过计算机检索中国知网、万方医学网、PubMed数据库中的相关文献,检索时间从建库截至2020-02-10,检索中文主题词为“氨甲环酸、关节镜、软骨、毒性”,英文主题词为“tranexamic acidcartilagearthroscopytoxicity”。

结果与结论临床氨甲环酸的使用剂量仍以医师经验为主,关于其安全给药浓度及暴露时间存在很大争议,缺乏精确的临床指南。基于目前已有的体外实验,发现在25-50 g/L之间应该存在一个对软骨生物活性最安全的最高质量浓度。在有更进一步的临床证据之前,应当建议在局部应用氨甲环酸时应使用质量浓度不超过25 g/L。使用氨甲环酸进行冲洗时的质量浓度不宜超过70 g/L。关于局部应用氨甲环酸最恰当的质量浓度仍需进一步的研究及临床试验,以便更好地阐明其在局部使用中的安全性。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4564-7348(韩康杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 软骨, 氨甲环酸, 给药浓度, 暴露时间, 关节镜, 毒性, 综述

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid has been widely used in orthopedic surgery as a hemostatic drug. However, after arthroscopic surgery, the cartilage, tendons and ligaments are directly exposed to tranexamic acid. It is necessary to reiterate the importance of cartilage again.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of topical tranexamic acid on cartilage through the existing experimental research and clinical data.

METHODS: Related documents were searched in CNKI, WANFANG MED ONLINE, and PubMed by computer. The retrieval time was from the inception of the database to February 10, 2020. The Chinese and English key words were “tranexamic acid, arthroscopy, cartilage, toxicity”.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The dosage of clinical tranexamic acid is still based on the experience of physicians. There is great controversy regarding its safe administration concentration and exposure time. There is a lack of precise clinical guidelines. Based on the existing in vitro experiments, it was found that between 25-50 g/L, there should be a concentration that is safest for cartilage biological activity. Before there are further clinical evidences, it should be recommended that the local concentration of tranexamic acid should not exceed 25 g/L. When using tranexamic acid for washing, the mass concentration should not exceed 70 g/L. Regarding the most appropriate mass concentration of tranexamic acid for topical application, further research and clinical trials are still needed to better clarify its safety in topical use. 

Key words:

bone, cartilage, tranexamic acid, administration concentration, exposure time, arthroscopy, toxicity, review

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