中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 1491-1495.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2236

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

迷你种植体支持的下颌覆盖义齿三维有限元分析

陈俊良1,2,李明霞1,3, 吕冬梅1,何  芸1,2   

  1. 1西南医科大学口颌面修复重建和再生实验室,四川省泸州市  646000;西南医科大学附属口腔医院,2口腔颌面外科,3放射科,四川省泸州市  646000
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-31 修回日期:2019-08-02 接受日期:2019-08-27 出版日期:2020-04-08 发布日期:2020-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 何芸,副教授,西南医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:陈俊良,男,1981年生,汉族,2019年德国波恩大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事口腔医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(11702231);四川省科技厅创新苗子工程项目(2018097);四川省卫健委项目(18PJ095)

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of mini implants supported mandibular overdentures

Chen Junliang1, 2, Li Mingxia1, 3, Lü Dongmei1, He Yun1, 2   

  1. 1Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3Department of Radiology, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2019-07-31 Revised:2019-08-02 Accepted:2019-08-27 Online:2020-04-08 Published:2020-02-14
  • Contact: He Yun, Associate professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Chen Junliang, MD, Associate chief physician, Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory, Southwest University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 11702231; Innovation Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, No. 2018097; Project of Sichuan Health Committee, No. 18PJ095

摘要:

文题释义:
迷你种植体:通常是指直径在1.8-2.9 mm的小直径种植体。它从1990年开始被引入口腔治疗,最开始迷你种植体主要用于正畸治疗和临时修复体,结果发现这些种植体与骨形成了良好的骨整合,很难将其移除。2012年FDA认可了迷你种植体可以作为临时和永久的修复治疗方式。
三维有限元法:是一种利用计算机软件和三维数据对真实物理系统进行模拟,建立三维模型进行数值计算的方法。三维有限元法计算精度高,并且能仿真模拟各种复杂形状和物理性能,因而逐渐成为应用广泛的力学和工程分析手段。当前,三维有限元法在口腔医学研究特别是种植修复治疗中的应用已越来越多。

背景:在下颌骨颏孔间区域植入2-4枚种植体行种植体覆盖义齿,已被广泛应用于下颌牙列缺失修复中。但对于下颌骨吸收严重的患者,传统尺寸种植体植入受限,因此植入迷你种植体是一种较好的选择。

目的:对比分析常规和迷你种植体支持下颌全口覆盖义齿的生物力学特征,揭示不同种植修复方式对种植体及其周围组织的影响。

方法:获取1例身体健康全口无牙拟行种植体支持式覆盖义齿患者的锥形束CT资料,利用其影像学资料和种植体、附着体三维数据建立4个不同修复方式的模型:2枚常规种植体、4枚常规种植体、4 枚迷你种植体、5枚迷你种植体分别联合球帽附着体支持的下颌全口覆盖义齿。在双侧后牙区分别施加垂直向150 N的垂直向载荷,比较分析各模型的骨组织应力、种植体位移及种植体应力等生物力学性能。

结果与结论:①4枚常规种植体模型的骨组织最大应力值最小,为2.71 MPa;4枚迷你种植体模型的骨组织最大应力值最大,为7.93 MPa;4枚常规种植体模型的种植体最大位移值最小,仅为1.37 µm,2枚常规种植体模型的种植体最大位移值最大,为1.57 µm;4枚常规种植体模型的种植体最大应力值最小,为12.90 MPa;4枚迷你种植体模型的种植体最大应力值最大,为22.17 MPa;虽然4枚迷你种植体模型的骨组织应力、种植体位移与种植体应力均略大于4枚常规种植体模型,但其数值在可接受的范围内;②在相同直径的种植体模型中,随着种植体数目的增加,骨组织应力、种植体位移和种植体应力值均减小,这些指标的分布更加均匀;③三维有限元分析结果提示,迷你种植体(4枚或5枚)联合球帽附着体支持下颌全口覆盖义齿是一种可接受的修复方式。

ORCID: 0000-0003-3997-5668(陈俊良)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 迷你种植体, 全口义齿, 覆盖义齿, 应力, 应变, 三维有限元, 球帽附着体, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Overdenture supported by two to four implants located in the mandibular mental foramen area has been widely used in edentulous patients. However, in patients with severe mandibular resorption, it is a challenging to insert conventional implants. Mini-implants are a better choice in these cases.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the biomechanical characteristics of conventional and mini-implants supported mandibular complete overdenture and to reveal the influence of different implant repair methods on implants and its surrounding tissues.

METHODS: The cone beam CT data of a healthy patient scheduled to receive complete edentulous implant supported overdenture was obtained. CT data of the patient, implant and attachment data were imported into the software to create four models: 2 normal implants, 4 normal implants, 4 mini implants, and 5 mini implants supported mandibular overdentures respectively. The overdenture was bilaterally subjected to a vertical load of 150 N. The displacement and stress of implants and the stress of bone were compared.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For all models, the lowest and highest maximum values of stress in bone were obtained from 4 normal implant model (2.71 MPa) and 4 mini implant model (7.93 MPa). The lowest and highest maximum values of displacement in implant were obtained from 4 normal implant model (1.37 µm) and 2 normal implant model (1.57 µm). Moreover, the lowest and highest maximum values of stress in implant were demonstrated from 4 normal implant model (12.90 MPa) and 4 mini implant model (22.17 MPa). The biomechanical values of mini implant models were higher than those of conventional models. The biomechanical values of all models were below the critical limits. The distribution was more homogenous and the maximum values of displacement in the implant, stress in implant and stress in bone were reduced as the number of implants increased. Three-dimensional finite element analysis revealed that mandibular overdenture supported by four or five mini implants is a reliable treatment option.

Key words: mini-implant, full denture, overdenture, stress, strain, three-dimensional finite element analysis, ball attachment, biomechanics

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