中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (26): 4154-4159.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1354

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

不同处理方法对未脱钙异种牙本质颗粒成骨性能的影响

赵彬彬1，邱泽文2，马程辉3，仲维剑1，马国武1
  

  1. 1大连医科大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科，辽宁省大连市  116023；2大连医科大学实验动物中心，辽宁省大连市  116044；3嘉兴市第一人民医院口腔科，浙江省嘉兴市  314000
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 仲维剑，副教授，硕士生导师，大连医科大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科，辽宁省大连市 116023
  • 作者简介:赵彬彬，女，1993年生，辽宁省朝阳市人，汉族，大连医科大学口腔医学院在读硕士，主要从事种植牙和骨再生技术的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省自然科学基金(2015020313)，项目负责人：仲维剑

Effect of different techniques on the osteogenic property of undecalcified heterogeneous dentin particles

Zhao Binbin1, Qiu Zewen2, Ma Chenghui3, Zhong Weijian1, Ma Guowu1
  

  1. 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China; 2Laboratory Animal Center of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China; 3Department of Dentistry, the First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2019-03-26
  • Contact: Zhong Weijian, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Binbin, Master candidate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, No. 2015020313 (to ZWJ)

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摘要：

文章快速阅读：

 

文题释义：
异种牙本质颗粒：不同物种的牙齿经过物理化学处理后制成的牙本质颗粒，可以作为修复骨缺损的植骨替代材料。为去除感染和免疫排斥等风险，提高成牙本质的成骨活性，使用前需经过高温、冷冻、脱钙、脱脂和消毒等技术处理。这种材料不仅能够为骨再生提供磷钙和生长因子，且其中的胶原成分还是各种细胞的优良载体。
成骨性能：骨增量技术中需要应用骨增量材料，理想的骨增量材料应具有骨诱导、骨生成及骨传导作用，自体骨具备以上3个性质，大多数骨增量材料只具备骨传导作用。随着时间的推移，骨移植物逐渐改建并被新骨替代的性质称为成骨性能。
 
 
背景：研究证实，自体牙本质颗粒具有良好的生物相容性和骨传导性，可以作为骨移植材料修复颌骨缺损，但异种牙本质颗粒作为骨移植替代材料的安全性和成骨活性目前还不明确。
目的：观察不同方法处理未脱钙人牙本质颗粒在大鼠颅顶骨缺损区骨移植后的组织反应和成骨效果。
方法：收集临床拔除的智齿及正畸减数拔除的牙齿(供者对实验知情同意)，分别经清洗、粉碎、煮沸、脱脂、消毒处理后，制成0.25-0.5 mm的牙本质颗粒。取40只成年雄性SD大鼠(大连医科大学实验动物中心提供)，在颅顶骨上打孔去除骨皮质后制成骨缺损动物模型，随机分4组干预，每组10只：A组植入未经任何处理的牙本质颗粒，B组植入经煮沸处理的牙本质颗粒，C组植入经脱脂处理的牙本质颗粒，D组植入经煮沸和脱脂处理的牙本质颗粒。植入后4，12周，取骨缺损处标本，进行组织学观察。动物实验获得大连医科大学实验动物中心伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论：①大体观察：植入后4周时，4组标本中的牙本质颗粒均被纤维组织包绕，移植物触诊坚实、稳固，植入后12周时移植物较4周时体积略缩小；②组织学观察：植入后4周，各组牙本质颗粒周围均包绕着纤维结缔组织，纤维结缔组织中可见炎性细胞浸润和大量新生血管，牙本质颗粒周围可见多核巨噬细胞，颗粒边缘存在虫噬状吸收区；与植入4周相比，植入12周的牙本质颗粒周围新生毛细血管增多，炎性细胞数量减小，牙本质颗粒周围可见新骨生成，并与颅骨相连接，骨细胞增殖活跃。4组间炎性细胞数、新生血管数及巨噬细胞数和新骨生成量4方面无明显差异(P > 0.05)。③结果表明：经过不同方法处理未脱钙人牙本质颗粒在骨移植中引起的炎性反应相似，在大鼠颅骨缺损修复中显示了良好的生物相容性和骨传导性。

关键词: 牙本质颗粒, 煮沸法, 异丙醇, 骨再生, 生物材料, 动物实验, 骨移植材料, 成骨

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Autologous dentin particles have been shown to possess good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, which can be used as bone grafting materials, but the biosafety and osteogenic capacity of heterogeneous dentin particles are still unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To observe tissue reaction and osteogenic effects of undecalcified heterogeneous human dentin particles processed with different treatment methods and implanted into skull defect of rat model.
METHODS: Extracted human teeth were prepared into 0.25-0.5 mm sized dentin particles after washing, pulverizing, boiling, degreasing and sterilization (donors consent to the experiment). Forty healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to create an animal model of skull defect (provided by Laboratory Animal Center of Dalian Medical University), and the cortical skull bone was removed by round bur perforation. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: untreated, boiled treatment, degreased treatment, and boiled plus degreased groups. Specimens were harvested at 4 and 12 weeks after bone grafting, and the degree of inflammatory reaction and bone regeneration effects were evaluated by gross observation, histological examination and histomophometric analysis. This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University, China.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: (1) Gross observation showed that the dentin particles in the four groups were surrounded by fibrous tissue, and the graft was firm and stable. At 12 weeks, the graft was slightly smaller than that at 4 weeks. (2) Histological observation showed that in each group, the fibrous connective tissue was surrounded by dentin particles and inflammatory cell infiltration and a large number of new blood vessels were observed in fibrous connective tissue. Polynuclear macrophages were visible around the dentin particles, and there were worm-like absorption regions at the edge of the particles. Compared with the 4th week, the number of new capillaries around the dentin particles increased at 12 weeks, the number of inflammatory cells decreased, new bone formation was observed around the dentin particles, and it was connected with the skull, and the osteocyte proliferated actively. Histological analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells, neovascularization, macrophage count and new bone formation between the four groups (P > 0.05). (3) These results showed that human dentin granule treated by different methods showed similar inflammatory responses in bone grafting, and good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity in rat skull defect repair.

Key words: dentin particles, boiling method, isopropanol, bone regeneration, biological materials, animal experiments, bone graft materials, osteogenesis

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