中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (20): 3213-3219.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1144

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换后膝前痛的原因及治疗策略

刘 欣,向 川   

  1. 山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 出版日期:2019-07-18 发布日期:2019-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 向川,博士,教授,山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:刘欣,男,1993年生,陕西省榆林市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节方向的研究。

Causes and treatment strategies of anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty

Liu Xin, Xiang Chuan   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Online:2019-07-18 Published:2019-07-18
  • Contact: Xiang Chuan, MD, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Liu Xin, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
膝前痛:患者在全膝关节置换后出现持续存在的膝关节残余痛,特别是在膝关节前方。这种位于膝关节前方的残余痛被称作膝前痛,其症状是一种髌骨周围或髌骨后的轻到中度的疼痛,疼痛持续存在,影响或限制全膝关节置换后患者膝关节的功能及活动度。
假体旋转不良:指全膝关节置换后股骨及胫骨假体旋转对线不良,两者可单独或同时发生。股骨假体放置目前公认以股骨上髁线为金标准;而胫骨旋转对线方法很多,但目前暂无金标准,通常参考胫骨前后轴或胫骨结节等解剖标志。目前,有研究表明胫骨假体内旋或胫骨、股骨假体联合内旋与膝前痛有明显的相关性。
 
摘要
背景:目前全膝关节置换已被认为是终末期膝关节病的首选治疗方法,但仍有部分患者因术后膝关节残余痛影响日常生活,导致患者对手术效果不满意。
目的:对全膝关节置换后膝前痛的发病原因、机制及治疗策略进行综述。
方法:第一作者检索至2018年8月为止PubMed、CNKI及万方数据库,以“total knee arthroplasty,anterior knee pain”为英文检索词,以“全膝关节置换术,膝前痛”为中文检索词,纳入符合标准的60篇文献,全面分析并总结全膝关节置换后膝前痛的发病原因、机制及治疗策略。
结果与结论:①全膝关节置换后膝前痛可由多种因素导致,主要包括个体特点、假体设计、手术技术、机械性因素及感染等;②应根据不同的发病原因选择相应的治疗方案;③提示通过合理的术前宣教、缜密的术前计划、不断改进的假体设计和手术技术、正确的术后康复锻炼等,可有效降低膝前痛的发生率。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9247-6588(刘欣)

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 膝前痛, 膝关节残余痛, 终末期关节病, 关节假体

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty is the first choice for end-stage knee joint diseases, but postoperative knee pain affects the daily life of the patients, which reduces the patient satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: To review the causes, mechanisms and treatment strategies of anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and WanFang databases before August 2018 were retrieved with the keywords of “total knee arthroplasty, anterior knee pain” in English and Chinese, respectively. Sixty eligible articles were included to systematically summarize the causes, mechanisms and treatment strategies of anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty can be caused by a variety of factors, including individual characteristics, prosthesis design, surgical techniques, mechanical factors, and infection. (2) Appropriate treatments are selected according to different etiologies. (3) Reasonable preoperative education, meticulous preoperative planning, improved prosthetic design and surgical techniques, and correct postoperative rehabilitation exercises, can effectively reduce the occurrence of anterior knee pain.

Key words: total knee arthroplasty, anterior knee pain, residual knee pain, end-stage arthropathy, joint prosthesis

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