中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12): 1831-1835.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3775

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

单间室膝关节假体衬垫在步态载荷下的磨损性能仿真分析

王献抗,张月静,杨  友,刘  军   

  1. 天津市骨植入物界面功能化与个性化研究企业重点实验室,嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司,天津市   300190
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-11 修回日期:2020-04-18 接受日期:2020-05-30 出版日期:2021-04-28 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 王献抗,天津市骨植入物界面功能化与个性化研究企业重点实验室,嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司,天津市 300190
  • 作者简介:王献抗,男,1988年生,河南省南阳市人,汉族,硕士,工程师,主要从事骨科植入物产品研发及生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技计划项目生物医学工程科技重大专项(18ZXSGSY00010),项目负责人:刘军,项目名称:国人单间室膝关节假体系统核心技术的研发;第三批天津市人才发展特殊支持计划-高层次创新创业团队,项目负责人:刘军

Simulation analysis of wear performance for tibial insert of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty prosthesis under gait load

Wang Xiankang, Zhang Yuejing, Yang You, Liu Jun   

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional and Personalized Research on Bone Implant Interfaces, Just Huajian Medical Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300190, China
  • Received:2020-04-11 Revised:2020-04-18 Accepted:2020-05-30 Online:2021-04-28 Published:2020-12-25
  • Contact: Wang Xiankang, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional and Personalized Research on Bone Implant Interfaces, Just Huajian Medical Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300190, China
  • About author:Wang Xiankang, Master, Engineer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional and Personalized Research on Bone Implant Interfaces, Just Huajian Medical Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300190, China
  • Supported by:
    Major Special Project of Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology of Science and Technology Plan Project of Tianjin, No. 18ZXSGSY00010 (to LJ); the Third Batch of Tianjin Talent Development Special Support Plan-High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team (to LJ) 

摘要:

文题释义:
单间室膝关节假体:用于对膝关节单侧病变间室进行表面置换,不但手术切口小、术中截骨量少,而且不影响或较少影响其他正常关节间室,不破坏伸膝装置,可保留十字韧带及骨软骨,因此单髁膝关节置换后恢复快、并发症少,保存了膝关节的正常运动和本体感觉。
衬垫:目前单间室膝关节假体根据运动方式不同分为活动平台型和固定平台型。该文所述假体为固定平台型单间室假体,包括股骨髁、衬垫与胫骨平台,其中股骨髁通过骨水泥固定于股骨远端,材质为钴铬钼,胫骨平台通过骨水泥固定于胫骨近端,材质为钴铬钼,衬垫通过机械连接固定于胫骨平台,材质为高交联聚乙烯,与股骨髁关节面配合为关节摩擦副。由于股骨髁与衬垫的接触面积较小,造成接触应力较大,临床中易出现磨损问题,造成衬垫失效。

背景:目前,有限元分析多用于全膝关节假体衬垫的磨损仿真研究。
目的:利用有限元分析单间室膝关节假体衬垫形状优化对磨损性能的影响。
方法:基于Archard磨损理论建立了单间室膝关节假体的磨损有限元模型,研究了衬垫优化前后的接触压力及磨损性能变化规律。
结果与结论:①在ISO标准步态载荷工况条件下,优化前后的衬垫接触压力分别为54.7 MPa和37.2 MPa,优化后的衬垫接触压力降低了32%;优化前后的衬垫线性磨损分别为4.38×10-5 mm和3.15×10-5 mm,优化后的衬垫线性磨损深度降低了28%;②结果表明优化后的衬垫可明显提高线性磨损性能,研究结果对单间室膝关节衬垫设计、磨损性能评估以及临床应用具有实际意义。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-0940 (王献抗)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


关键词: 骨, 材料, 假体, 单间室膝关节假体, 胫骨衬垫优化, 步态, 载荷, 磨损仿真

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, finite element analysis is mostly used in the simulation study of wear of the total knee prosthesis pad.  
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of shape optimization for the tibial insert of the unicompartmental knee prosthesis on wear performance using finite element analysis. 
METHODS: Based on the Archard wear theory, the wear finite element model of the unicompartmental knee prosthesis was established. The contact pressure and wear performance of the tibial insert before and after optimization were studied. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the condition of ISO standard gait load, for the contact pressure, the tibial insert contact pressure before and after optimization was 54.7 MPa and 37.2 MPa, respectively, and the tibial insert contact pressure was reduced by 32%. For linear wear, the linear wear of the tibial insert before and after optimization was 4.38×10-5 mm and 3.15×10-5 mm, respectively, and the linear wear depth of the tibial insert was reduced by 28%. (2) The results show that the liner wear performance can be significantly improved after optimization. The results of the study have practical significance for unicompartmental knee tibial insert design, wear performance assessment and clinical application.

Key words: bone, material, prosthesis, unicompartmental knee prosthesis, tibial insert optimization, gait load, wear simulation

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