中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (20): 3188-3194.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1156

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

分子信号通路及细胞层面的骨折愈合机制

杨 楠1,陈跃平2,章晓云2   

  1. 1广西中医药大学,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530001;2广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011
  • 出版日期:2019-07-18 发布日期:2019-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈跃平,博士生导师,主任医师,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011 章晓云,硕士,主治医师,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530011
  • 作者简介:杨楠,女,1995年生,河南省安阳市人,汉族,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节疾病及运动损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81760796),项目负责人:陈跃平|广西自然科学基金课题(2015GXNSFAA139136),项目负责人:陈跃平|广西高校青年教师基础能力提升项目(KY2016YB204),项目负责人:章晓云|广西卫生厅重点课题(S201419-05),项目负责人:陈跃平

Fracture healing mechanism at molecular signaling pathway and cellular levels

Yang Nan1, Chen Yueping2, Zhang Xiaoyun2   

  1. 1Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Online:2019-07-18 Published:2019-07-18
  • Contact: Chen Yueping, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China Zhang Xiaoyun, Master, Attending physician, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Yang Nan, Master candidate, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760796 (to CYP)| the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 2015GXNSFAA139136 (to CYP)| the Basic Ability Improvement Project of Young Teachers in Guangxi Universities, No. KY2016YB204 (to ZXY)| the Key Project of Health Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. S201419-05 (to CYP)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
条件基因敲除:指重组酶系统(如:Cre-loxP)介导的位点特异性重组技术,一般通过实验小鼠来实现。Cre是重组酶(38 kD),可识别具有方向性的34 bp长的DNA序列loxP。带有floxed 靶基因的flox小鼠通常采用 DNA 同源重组方法得到,在拟敲除基因片段的两侧分别放置一个同向的loxP位点。再设计Cre工具鼠,将Cre重组酶的编码序列置于特定的基因启动子下,Cre的表达特性决定了靶基因何时何地发生敲除。将flox小鼠与Cre工具鼠交配得到条件基因敲除小鼠。
泛素依赖性蛋白水解系统:一种调节蛋白质泛素化和蛋白酶体降解的生理机制。这是一种酶级联,通过泛素标记介导目标蛋白的标记,从而通过蛋白酶体途径引导其降解的过程。蛋白质的泛素化通过三步过程进行,E1酶(泛素激活酶)激活泛素分子,然后将激活的泛素分子转移到E2酶(泛素结合酶)上,随后E2酶和E3酶(泛素蛋白连接酶)共同识别目标蛋白,对其进行泛素化修饰,进而介导目标蛋白降解。
 
摘要
背景:骨不连和骨折延迟愈合不仅对个人和家庭造成了极大的困扰,对整个社会也会带来巨大的经济损失。而最佳的骨折治疗需要了解骨折愈合的复杂生理过程。
目的:综述国内外相关文献,通过研究和对比骨折愈合机制,为临床诊断、治疗提供新的思路。
方法:中文以“骨折愈合,骨折不愈合,炎症,信号通路,破骨细胞,成骨细胞,骨形态发生蛋白,Wnt,甲状旁腺激素,Hedgehog”检索CNKI、万方、维普数据库;英文以“Fracture healing,Nonunion,Inflammation, Signaling pathways, Osteoclast,Osteoblast,BMP,Wnt,Hedgehog,PTH”检索PubMed数据库,收录与骨折愈合机制有关的分子信号通路和基因细胞研究相关的文献报道,并排除重复性研究,按照纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入46篇文章进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①通过从炎症阶段、信号通路、细胞3个方面对骨折愈合机制进行综述讨论,发现临床和早期科研之间的矛盾(如副反应)能在更深层次的研究中得到统一;②但由于骨折愈合机制过于复杂,现在的研究结果并不足以解开所有临床问题;③不同分子之间相互影响,难以找到具有临床意义可以用于早期骨不连临床诊断的标志物;④需要研发更加精细的实验设备和设计更严密的科研方案,服务临床;⑤但是针对目前的科研结果,可以考虑配合仿生骨信号递送系统,使原本孤立、平面、静止的研究结果具有三维动态性更符合临床实际的治疗需求,这是下一步考虑的事情。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-4639-4511(杨楠)

关键词: 骨折愈合, 炎症阶段, 信号通路, 破骨细胞, 成骨细胞, 骨形态发生蛋白, Wnt, Hedgehog, 甲状旁腺激素, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Nonunion and delayed union of fractures not only cause great troubles to individuals and families, but bring huge financial burden to the society. The optimal fracture treatment requires understanding of the complex physiological process of fracture healing.

OBJECTIVE: To explore and compare the fracture healing mechanism by reviewing the relevant literature, so as to provide new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, VIP and PubMed databases were retrieved with the keywords of “fracture healing, nonunion, inflammation, signaling pathways, osteoclasts, osteoblast, BMP, Wnt, Hedgehog, PTH” in Chinese and English, respectively. The articles concerning the molecular/signaling pathway/cell of fracture healing mechanism, the repetitive studies were excluded, and finally 46 eligible articles were enrolled for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) By summarizing and discussing the mechanism of fracture healing from the aspects of inflammation stage, signal pathway and cell, we found that the contradiction between clinical and early scientific research (such as adverse reactions) can be unified in deep research. (2) However, the current research results cannot solve all clinical problems due to the complicated mechanisms of fracture healing. (3) The interaction between different molecules makes it difficult to find a clinically significant marker for the clinical diagnosis of early nonunion. (4) It is necessary to develop more sophisticated experimental equipment and design more rigorous scientific research programs to serve the clinical practice. (5) However, according to the current research results, we can consider cooperating with biomimetic delivery of signals for bone tissue engineering to make the original isolated, planar and static research results have three-dimensional dynamics more in line with the clinical treatment needs, which is the future direction.

Key words: fracture healing, inflammation phase, signaling pathway, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, bone morphologic protein, Wnt, Hedgehog, parathormone, the National Natural Science Foundation of China

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