中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (30): 4855-4863.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0946

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

羟基磷灰石类陶瓷在骨组织工程中的研究与更广泛应用

毛文文,茹江英   

  1. 扬州市第一人民医院骨科,江苏省扬州市 225000
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-09 出版日期:2018-10-28 发布日期:2018-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 茹江英,主任医师,扬州大学附属医院骨科,江苏省扬州市 225000
  • 作者简介:毛文文,男,1992年生,江苏省扬州市人,汉族,扬州大学医学院在读硕士,主要从事骨关节损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:

    江苏省卫计委面上项目(H201662);江苏省青年医学重点人才项目(QNRC2016356);扬州市“绿扬金凤计划”资助项目(yzlyjfjh2015YB106)

Hydroxyapatite ceramics in bone tissue engineering: research and extensive applications

Mao Wen-wen, Ru Jiang-ying   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University (Yangzhou First People’s Hospital), Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2018-04-09 Online:2018-10-28 Published:2018-10-28
  • Contact: Ru Jiang-ying, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University (Yangzhou First People’s Hospital), Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Mao Wen-wen, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University (Yangzhou First People’s Hospital), Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the General Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Committee, No. H201662; the Key Young Talent Project of Jiangsu Province, No. QNRC2016356; the Green Poplar/Golden Phoenix Plan of Yangzhou Municipality, No. yzlyjfjh2015YB106

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
骨组织代替材料的要求
:对于骨组织移植物材料本身,在理想状态它需要具备:①在植入部位保持机械稳定性,承载与天然骨组织相同的压力负荷;②拥有相互连接的多孔结构,且孔隙率不能过低,以允许血管和骨向内生长,并充当递送营养物质和气体的通道供细胞使用,并且在同一时间,去除来自细胞的代谢废物;③支持和促进未分化细胞的向成骨细胞分化,已分化成熟的骨细胞生长;④增强移植物与宿主组织间的细胞活性。
生物陶瓷材料:有诸多好处,但仍有许多问题等待去解决。具有生长因子的CaP涂层技术,涂料与基材之间整合的高成本限制了这个技术在商业规模上广泛应用;在对应的不同植入部位及所需目的上,陶瓷制作的孔径大小及孔隙度尚未有统一标准;作为骨移植代替材料,尽管可联合的聚合物或其他添加剂种类有很多,但是相当一部分处于试验阶段,即使是应用于临床阶段的产品,仍缺乏长期临床随访来评测其远期的预后;还有3D打印技术虽有其优势,但是降低生产成本也是眼下需要解决的问题;具有药物递送能力的支架仍在研究中,以便针对特定情况的应用开发优化的载体;除此之外在体内或体外支架植入时,还要考虑所用聚合物降解,弥合临床应用与基础研究的差距。


背景:羟基磷灰石类陶瓷与正常人体骨组织中的结构和化学成分十分相近,具有良好的骨诱导骨传导活性及生物相容性,成为骨组织工程中支架的良好材料之一。
目的:总结羟基磷灰石类陶瓷材料制备方式、特性及作为骨组织代替物的作用机制和临床应用新进展。
方法:以“bioceramics,hydroxylapatite,calcium phosphate,tricalcium phosphate,bone tissue engineering”为检索词,应用计算机检索PubMed数据库2015至2017年发表的相关文献。
结果与结论:羟基磷灰石属于六方晶系,是构成天然骨组织中无机成分的主要组成部分,其中呈六方排列的Ca2+、PO43-、OH-易于被许多阳离子和阴离子取代基替换,从而改变羟基磷灰石的机械强度、溶解速率、生物相容性等一些列理化及生物活性。制备羟基磷灰石陶瓷材料的方法分为湿法和干法两大类,根据实际需要与不同方法的优缺点往往是多种制备方法相结合。羟基磷灰石类陶瓷具备的孔隙结构有利于营养物质和骨生长必要成分的输送,以及细胞代谢废物的排除,并且微小孔隙会引起各种内源性骨生长因子在内孔表面的高度吸附和积累,刺激间充质干细胞分化进入成骨细胞,进一步促进发挥骨诱导活性。近年来虽然生物陶瓷材料在临床上作为植入物涂层、缓释药物的载体、骨移植物代替材料等被应用,但在临床方面广泛运用还面临着许多问题与挑战。

ORCID: 0000-0002-0850-9229(毛文文)

关键词: 骨生物材料, 生物陶瓷, 羟基磷灰石, 钙磷灰石, 磷酸三钙, 骨组织工程, 生物材料

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite ceramics have very similar structure and chemical composition to the normal human bone tissue, and also have good osteoinductive activity, osteoconductive activity and biocompatibility, which have become one of the appropriate scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the preparation methods and structural characteristics of hydroxyapatite ceramics as well as their mechanisms of action and clinical applications as bone substitutes.
METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed database was performed for relevant articles published from 2015 to 2017 using the keywords of “bioceramics, hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, bone tissue engineering”.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite belongs to the hexagonal system and it is the main component of inorganic components that make up natural bone tissues. Among them, Ca2+, PO43- and OH- presenting with hexagonal arrangement are easy to be replaced by a variety of cations and anions. Consequently, hydroxyapatites show some changes in mechanical strength, dissolution rate, and biocompatibility. The preparation of hydroxyapatite ceramic materials is divided into wet and dry methods. Based on actual needs, various preparation methods with different advantages and disadvantages are usually combined. In addition, the pore structure of hydroxyapatite ceramics is conducive to the transport of essential components of nutrients and bone growth as well as the elimination of cellular metabolic waste. These tiny pores can cause a high degree of adsorption and accumulation of various endogenous bone growth factors on the inner pore surface, to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and further promote the osteoinductive activity. Although bioceramic materials have been clinically used as coatings for implants, carriers for sustained release drugs, and bone graft substitute materials in recent year, there are still many problems and challenges in the widespread application of bioceramics.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

Key words: Hydroxyapatites, Calcium Phosphates, Tissue Engineering

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