中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (19): 2968-2973.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0281

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节置换过程中韧带稳定性与术后功能的相关性

刘庆宽,王国栋,王承群,孔 颖,牛帅帅,马龙飞   

  1. 济宁医学院附属医院关节外科,山东省济宁市   272029
  • 出版日期:2018-07-08 发布日期:2018-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 王国栋,博士,副主任医师,济宁医学院附属医院关节外科,山东省济宁市 272029
  • 作者简介:刘庆宽,男,1974年生,山东省济宁市人,汉族,2012年南华大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事人工关节置换及关节镜方面的研究。

Correlation of intraoperative ligament stability with functional outcomes following total knee arthroplasty

Liu Qing-kuan, Wang Guo-dong, Wang Cheng-qun, Kong Ying, Niu Shuai-shuai, Ma Long-fei   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2018-07-08 Published:2018-07-08
  • Contact: Wang Guo-dong, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Qing-kuan, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
 
文题释义:
下肢力线:下肢力线(膝内翻角)即股骨机械轴与胫骨机械轴的夹角,理想的角度为0°-5°,国人参考值为:男性(2.2±2.7)°,女性(2.2±2.5)°。股骨机械轴为股骨头圆心与股骨髁间窝顶点的连线,胫骨机械轴为胫骨髁间嵴中点与踝关节中心的连线,踝关节中心取内外踝的中点。从生物力学来说,下肢力线就是“双腿的重力线”。
间隙平衡技术:该技术要求获得矩形的、相同的屈、伸间隙,允许关节线的轻度上移。参照胫骨截骨、调整股骨远端及后髁截骨。主要发生在以下情况:在假体矢状径与股骨矢状径并不相符时,如果使用小一号假体及前参照,意味着屈间隙大于伸直间隙。按照间隙平衡技术,此时应增加股骨远端截骨,以获得相同的屈、伸间隙。手术步骤:软组织平衡,胫骨截骨、参照胫骨行股骨截骨。
 
摘要
背景:全膝关节置换术中应达到何种程度的韧带松弛度及这种韧带松弛状态与膝关节功能的关系,目前仍不明确。
目的:分析全膝关节置换术中韧带松弛度与术后关节功能的关系。
方法:由术者在膝关节假体置入后行伸直0°、屈曲30°位韧带松弛度测量;根据不同的韧带松弛度,将患者分为7组:组1(0-1.0 mm),组2(1.0-2.0 mm),组3(2.0-3.0 mm),组4(3.0-4.0 mm),组5(4.0-5.0 mm),组6(5.0-6.0 mm)及组7(>6.0 mm)。根据置换前和置换后2年美国膝关节协会评分、牛津膝关节评分和膝关节损伤与骨关节炎评分评估膝关节功能。
结果与结论:①随访时间为2年,最终获得随访的患者有362例;②术后患者的膝关节功能评分(KSS、OKS及KOOS评分)均较术前有明显改善;③术后KSS评分各组间差异有显著性意义(F=16.273,P=0.000),功能最好的2组为组3(2.0-3.0 mm)和组4(3.0-4.0mm);术后OKS评分各组间差异有显著性意义(F=3.103,P=0.006),评分最低的为组3(2.0-3.0mm);伸直位膝关节内外翻松弛度为1.0-2.0 mm或屈膝30°位内外翻韧带松弛度为2.0-3.0 mm或3.0-4.0 mm时术后膝关节功能评分(KSS及OKS评分)最优;④膝关节活动度各组间差异有显著性意义(F=4.227,P=0.000),活动度最大的是组6和组7;⑤KOOS评分的维度中膝关节日常生活活动和膝关节有关的日常生活质量,组3评分最高;⑥结果表明,为获得最佳的全膝关节置换后膝关节功能,术中韧带松弛度应尽量维持在伸直位内外翻韧带松弛1.0-2.0 mm或屈膝30°位内外翻韧带松弛2.0-3.0 mm。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5861-7140(刘庆宽)

关键词: 全膝关节置换, 韧带松弛度, 膝骨关节炎

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The extent of ligament laxity should be achieved during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the relationship between ligament laxity and knee function are still uncertain.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate association of the intraoperative ligament laxity and functional outcomes after TKA.

METHODS: Medial and lateral ligament laxities were measured intraoperatively in extension 0°and flexion 30°, and the patients were then divided into seven groups based on the ligament laxity, group 1 (0-1.0 mm), group 2 (1.0-2.0 mm), group 3 (2.0-3.0 mm), group 4 (3.0-    4.0 mm), group 5 (4.0-5.0 mm), group 6 (5.0-6.0 mm) and group 7 (> 6.0 mm). The knee function was evaluated by Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Knee Society Clinical Rating System (KSS) and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) at baseline and 2 years postoperatively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Totally 362 patients completed the 2-year follow-up. (2) The postoperative KOOS, KSS and OKS scores were significantly improved compared with the baseline. (3) There was a significant difference in the KSS score among groups (F=16.273, P=0.000), and the scores were best in the groups 3 and 4. The postoperative OKS scores showed significant difference among groups (F=3.103, P=0.006), and the scores were lowest in the group 3. Medial and lateral ligament laxity 1.0-2.0 mm in extension 0° and ligament laxity 2.0-3.0 mm/3.0-4.0 mm in flexion 30° showed the optimal KSS and OKS scores. (4) The range of motion of the knee joint exhibited significant difference among groups (F=4.227, P=0.000), which was largest in the groups 6 and 7. (5) Group 3 exhibited good functional outcome under activities of daily living and quality of life subscores in KOOS. (6) To conclude, in order to improve the functional results after TKA, orthopedic surgeons should monitor ligament laxity intraoperatively 1.0-2.0 mm in extension and 2.0-3.0 mm in flexion 30°.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Ligaments, Osteoarthritis, Tissue Engineering

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