中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (27): 4277-4282.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.27.003

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端髓内钉与人工股骨头置换治疗骨质疏松患者不稳定性转子间骨折

陈丽平1,刘付胜2,杨耀升3   

  1. 1许昌学院医学院,河南省许昌市 461000;许昌市鄢陵县中医院,2普外科,3骨外科,河南省许昌市 461200
  • 出版日期:2017-09-28 发布日期:2017-10-24
  • 作者简介:陈丽平,女,1979年生,河南省许昌市人,汉族,2006年郑州大学毕业,讲师,主要从事临床护理方面的研究。

Proximal femoral nail versus hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in osteoporotic patients  

Chen Li-ping1, Liu Fu-sheng2, Yang Yao-sheng3   

  1. 1Medical College of Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, Henan Province, China; 2Department of General Surgery, 3Department of Orthopedics, Yanling County Hospital of Xuchang, Xuchang 461200, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2017-09-28 Published:2017-10-24
  • About author:Chen Li-ping, Lecturer, Medical College of Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
股骨转子间骨折AO分型:股骨转子间骨折按照AO分型方法分为3型,每一型又有3个亚型,其中A2.2到A3.3常被认为是不稳定性骨折,骨质疏松患者出现的转子间骨折多为不稳定性骨折。
股骨近端髓内钉:为髓内固定系统,其设计上采用螺旋刀片锁定技术,在治疗时压紧松质骨,增加了螺旋刀片的锚合力。而且刀片具有宽大的表面积和直径逐渐增加的芯,能够最大限度的保证骨质填压,不易松动退出。
 
摘要
背景:股骨近端髓内钉及人工股骨头置换均被用于骨质疏松患者不稳定性转子间骨折的治疗,何种治疗方法疗效更好,目前尚还存在争议。
目的:探讨股骨近端髓内钉与人工股骨头置换治疗骨质疏松患者不稳定性转子间骨折的临床疗效。
方法:选择67例不稳定性股骨转子间骨折合并骨质疏松的患者作为研究对象,随机将其分为2组,置换组35例采取人工股骨头置换治疗,股骨近端髓内钉组32例采取股骨近端髓内钉内固定治疗。记录和比较2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、卧床时间、住院时间及并发症;采用Harris评分评估术前及术后髋关节功能。
结果与结论:①置换组的手术时间、术中出血、切口长度大于股骨近端髓内钉组,卧床时间小于股骨近端髓内钉组(P < 0.05),2组患者切口愈合时间、住院时间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②末次随访时2组髋关节Harris评分及优良率差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),置换组在术后疼痛方面评分高于股骨近端髓内钉组(P < 0.05);③股骨近端髓内钉组骨折延迟愈合1例,髋外侧疼痛1例。至末次随访时,所有患者均获得骨折愈合,无断钉、螺钉及假体松动或拔出等并发症;④结果表明,人工股骨头置换可早期下地活动,功能恢复更快,但手术切口更大。股骨近端髓内钉与人工股骨头置换疗效基本相近,也是一种可供选择的治疗方案。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-1109-3479(陈丽平)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 股骨近端髓内钉, 人工股骨头置换, 转子间骨折, 骨质疏松, 不稳定骨折

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Both proximal femoral nail and hemiarthroplasty have been applied in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in osteoporotic patients. However, which has better curative efficacy is still under discussion.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of proximal femoral nail versus hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture in osteoporotic patients.
METHODS: Sixty-seven patients diagnosised with unstable intertrochanteric fractures and osteoporosis were selected, and were randomly divided into two groups, followed by treated with hemiarthroplasty (group 1, n=35)) and proximal femoral nail (group 2, n=32), respectively. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of incision, postoperative time in bed, hospitalization time and complications were recorded and compared between two groups. Harris hip scores were used to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative hip function.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the group 1, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss and length of incision were more than those in the group 1, and the postoperative time in bed was less than that in the group 2 (P < 0.05). However, the healing and hospitalization time did not differ significantly between two groups (P > 0.05). (2) No significant difference was observed in the excellent and good rate in Harris hip scores between two groups at the last follow-up (P > 0.05). The postoperative pain scores in the group 1 were significantly superior to those in the group 2 (P < 0.05). (3) There were 1 case of delayed union and 1 case of lateral hip appearing with pain in the group 2. At the last follow-up, all patients healed completely, and no prosthesis dislocation, loosening or infection was found. (4) To condude, hemiarthroplasty provides early functional recovery and fewer complications, but with much surgical trauma. Proximal femoral nail shows similar treatment outcomes with hemiarthroplasty; therefore, it is a kind of alternative treatment strategy for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femur, Fractures, Bone, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Internal Fixators, Tissue Engineering

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