中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (50): 7579-7585.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.50.019

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞诱导分化为毛囊及再生的研究进展

丁毓威,辛国华,曾元临   

  1. 南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科,江西省南昌市  330000
  • 修回日期:2016-09-04 出版日期:2016-12-02 发布日期:2016-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 曾元临,博士生导师,主任医师,南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科,江西省南昌市 330000
  • 作者简介:丁毓威,男,1991年生,江西省南昌市人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事烧伤创面修复及再生医学研究。
  • 基金资助:

    江西省教育厅科技计划(12003628)《组织工程皮肤构建与移植的实验研究》

Research progress of stem cells in hair follicle regeneration

Ding Yu-wei, Xin Guo-hua, Zeng Yuan-lin   

  1. Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Revised:2016-09-04 Online:2016-12-02 Published:2016-12-02
  • Contact: Zeng Yuan-lin, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Ding Yu-wei, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Burn Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Scientific Plan of Jiangxi Educational Department, No. 12003628

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
干细胞诱导分化为毛囊的研究:
研究已证实人类胚胎干细胞可向毛囊诱导分化,但也制约于伦理及免疫原性等问题;表皮干细胞是皮肤及毛囊等皮肤附件发生、修复、重建的基础,也是毛囊损伤修复的重要种子细胞,对于大面积深度皮肤损伤,也存在来源匮乏的问题;骨髓间充质干细胞能够特异性趋化到毛囊损伤部位从而达到修复作用,然而在骨髓间充质干细胞获取过程时,存在着一些缺陷仍未克服,如取自其他成年人的骨髓间充质干细胞易出现同种异体排斥反应,这样就被限制只能提取患者自身的骨髓并加以培养,从而加重患者身心创伤,抑制了骨髓间充质干细胞进一步的研究及临床应用;诱导多能干细胞是通过人工手段从非多能细胞中获得的具有多向分化能力的干细胞,虽然证实诱导多功能干细胞可以减少免疫排斥反应,避免来源紧缺、患者年龄及疾病等不利因素的影响,但仍处于初步研究阶段。
毛囊再生:毛囊隆突中存在2种干细胞:毛囊干细胞及毛囊黑素干细胞,其中毛囊干细胞作为皮肤来源细胞的前体细胞,具有与其他成体干细胞一样的多向分化潜能。当真皮浅层受损致毛囊横断时,毛囊的再生是通过毛囊隆突细胞受到刺激后以部分存活的毛囊为模版进行增生而实现的。这一过程类似胚胎期毛囊发育过程的修复,首先毛囊上皮细胞被真皮基质诱导增厚形成毛囊基板,基板再逐渐内陷形成毛乳头芽,同时其下的真皮基质干细胞分化形成毛乳头,从而实现毛囊再生。

 

摘要
背景:
干细胞具有向各种器官、组织分化的潜能,近年的研究证实,在一定条件下,干细胞可向毛囊分化。
目的:综述各种干细胞向毛囊分化的研究进展及应用前景,为临床毛囊严重缺损患者的治疗提供可靠的依据。
方法:应用计算机检索2013至2015年 PubMed、EMBASE等数据库相关文章,检索词为“stem cell,hair follicle,regenerative medicine,differentiation”并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索2013至2015年万方数据库和中国知网数据库,检索词为“干细胞,毛囊,再生医学,分化”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。共检索到文献207篇,阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除研究目的以及内容重复的研究,最终选定文献34篇。
结果与结论:研究者发现不同干细胞在一定条件下均具有向毛囊诱导分化的潜能,但仍需克服各自存在的缺陷以寻求更加科学、合理的干细胞分化为毛囊的条件和方法。在各种干细胞向毛囊分化的研究中,动物实验及亚临床试验已取得了很大进展,甚至在某些方面有重大突破,在今后的研究中结合各种干细胞分化的优点以及改善研究过程中出现的缺点,为进一步用于毛囊损伤后的临床治疗提供了坚实的基础。

 

 

关键词: 干细胞, 分化, 胚胎干细胞, 表皮干细胞, 间充质干细胞, 诱导多功能干细胞, 毛囊, ;再生医学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various organs and tissues. In recent years, stem cells have been proved to differentiate into hair follicles under certain conditions.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress and prospect of stem cells differentiating to hair follicles, thereby providing a reliable basis for clinical treatment of serious hair follicle injury.
METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed, EMBASE, WanFang, CNKI databases was performed for related articles published between 2013 and 2015, using the keywords of “cell hair, follicle stem, medicine regenerative, differentiation” in English and Chinese. A total of 207 articles were retrieved, and finally 34 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cells from different sources all have the ability to differentiate into hair follicles under certain inductions. However, it is important to seek more scientific and rational methods for the differentiation of stem cells into hair follicles based on overcoming their own shortcomings. A great progress has been made in animal experiments and subclinical trials, and even a great breakthrough in some aspects. Further studies on combining the advantages and overcoming the shortcomings of various stem cells during differentiation are required for the clinical treatment of serious hair follicle injury.

 

 

Key words: Stem Cells, Hair Follicle, Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering

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