中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (22): 5671-5681.doi: 10.12307/2026.169

• 血管组织构建 vascular tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

易洛魁同源盒基因3调控血管周围脂肪组织褐变改变血管损伤的潜在机制

胡晓咏,宋乾华,杨朝颖,唐  瑞,李红建   

  1. 新疆医科大学第五附属医院高血压科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 接受日期:2025-09-16 出版日期:2026-08-08 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 李红建,博士,教授,新疆医科大学第五附属医院高血压科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830000
  • 作者简介:胡晓咏,男,1987年生,安徽省芜湖市人,汉族,新疆医科大学在读博士,主要从事心血管基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区卫生健康科研项目(2025001CXKYXM650025463),项目负责人:李红建;新疆“天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划-领军人才项目(TSYC202301A057),项目负责人:李红建;国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(8226020195),项目负责人:李红建

Potential mechanism by which iroquois homeobox 3 regulates the browning of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular injury

Hu Xiaoyong, Song Qianhua, Yang Zhaoying, Tang Rui, Li Hongjian   

  1. Department of Hypertension, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China 
  • Received:2025-06-06 Accepted:2025-09-16 Online:2026-08-08 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: Li Hongjian, MD, Professor, Department of Hypertension, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Hu Xiaoyong, MD candidate, Department of Hypertension, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Health and Wellness Research Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 2025001CXKYXM650025463 (to LHJ); Xinjiang 'Tianshan Talents' High-level Talent Training Program in Medicine and Health - Leading Talent Project, No. TSYC202301A057 (to LHJ); the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 8226020195 (to LHJ)

摘要:


文题释义:
易洛魁同源盒基因3:是易洛魁同源框基因家族转录因子,通过靶向视黄醇饱和酶调控脂肪细胞代谢表型,在血管周围组织中参与维持脂肪产热褐变状态以发挥血管保护作用。
血管周围脂肪褐变:血管外膜脂肪细胞从白色(储能)向棕色(产热)转化的过程,伴随解偶联蛋白1等产热基因激活,可减轻血管炎症并促进内皮功能修复。

背景:在医学领域,血管损伤相关疾病备受关注,血管周围脂肪组织褐变与之密切相关,但特定基因在其中的调控机制尚待明晰。
目的:初步探讨易洛魁同源盒基因3在血管损伤过程中调控血管周围脂肪组织褐变的潜在机制。
方法:解析血管周围脂肪组织相关单细胞测序数据矩阵GSE275779,探讨易洛魁同源盒基因3在不同细胞亚群中的表达水平及功能;结合脂肪细胞相关芯片和测序表达谱GSE44059、GSE7032、GSE185518、GSE168387,筛选差异基因并验证易洛魁同源盒基因3在棕色脂肪细胞分化过程中的表达水平;基于msigdb数据库和ChIP-seq数据库GTRD筛选易洛魁同源盒基因3的下游靶基因。在脂肪前体细胞中干扰易洛魁同源盒基因3和过表达视黄醇饱和酶,采用qPCR和Western blot检测脂肪细胞褐变相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。
结果与结论:生物信息学分析结果显示,脂肪细胞特征因子PR结构域蛋白16、细胞死亡诱导DFFA样效应蛋白A和解偶联蛋白1等在糖尿病患者的血管周围脂肪组织中显著下调,且这些基因均参与脂肪褐变;结合高通量测序数据分析发现易洛魁同源盒基因3在棕色脂肪组织中高表达,并参与了棕色脂肪的分化;进一步筛选出视黄醇饱和酶为易洛魁同源盒基因3的下游靶基因,且它的水平随着棕色脂肪的分化而差异表达。在成熟棕色脂肪细胞中敲低易洛魁同源盒基因3,会导致视黄醇饱和酶和脂肪褐变相关标志物(解偶联蛋白1、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α、PR结构域蛋白16)的表达均降低。在视黄醇饱和酶回复实验中,视黄醇饱和酶过表达显著上调脂肪褐变相关标志物的蛋白水平,但不影响易洛魁同源盒基因3的表达。此研究初步揭示了易洛魁同源盒基因3在血管损伤过程中调控血管周围脂肪组织褐变的潜在机制。

https://orcid.org//0009-0006-8917-3793 (胡晓咏);https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1826-505X (李红建)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 血管损伤, 血管周围脂肪组织, 生物信息学, 单细胞测序, 褐变, 易洛魁同源盒基因3(IRX3)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vascular injury-related diseases have garnered significant attention in the medical field, and the browning of perivascular adipose tissue is closely linked to these diseases. However, the regulatory mechanisms of specific genes involved in this process remain unclear. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential mechanism by which iroquois homeobox 3 regulates the browning of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular injury.
METHODS: The perivascular adipose tissue-related single-cell sequencing data matrix GSE275779 was analyzed to investigate the expression levels and functions of iroquois homeobox 3 in various cell subpopulations. In conjunction with adipocyte-related microarray and sequencing data GSE44059, GSE7032, GSE185518, and GSE168387, differentially expressed genes were identified, and the expression level of iroquois homeobox 3 during the differentiation of browning adipocytes was validated. The downstream target genes of iroquois homeobox 3 were screened using the msigdb database and the ChIP-seq database GTRD. By disrupting iroquois homeobox 3 and overexpressing retinol saturase in adipocyte precursor cells, the mRNA and protein expression levels of adipocyte browning-related genes were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bioinformatics analysis results showed that adipocyte characteristic factors PR domain containing 16, cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A, and uncoupling protein 1 were significantly downregulated in diabetic perivascular adipose tissue, and these genes were all involved in fat browning. Combined with high-throughput sequencing data analysis, iroquois homeobox 3 was found to be highly expressed in brown adipose tissue and to play a role in the differentiation process of brown adipocytes. Retinol saturase was identified as a downstream target gene of iroquois homeobox 3, and its expression levels differed during the differentiation of brown adipocytes. In mature brown adipocytes, knocking down iroquois homeobox 3 resulted in a decrease in the expression of retinol saturase and adipocyte browning-related markers (uncoupling protein 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha, PR domain containing 16). In the retinol saturase rescue experiment, overexpressing retinol saturase substantially upregulated the protein levels of adipocyte browning-related markers, but did not affect the expression of iroquois homeobox 3. This study preliminarily reveals the potential mechanism by which iroquois homeobox 3 regulates the browning of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular injury. 


Key words: vascular injury, perivascular adipose tissue, bioinformatics, single cell sequencing, browning, iroquois homeobox 3

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