中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 1380-1387.doi: 10.12307/2025.020

• 胚胎干细胞 embryonic stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子对人胚胎干细胞存活、增殖和分化的影响

黄  婷1,2,3,郑晓晗1,2,3,钟远吉1,2,3,魏艳召1,2,3,魏绪芳2,曹旭东4,冯晓丽1,2,3,赵振强1,2,3   

  1. 1海南医学院第一附属医院神经内科,海南省海口市   570100;2 海南医学院,海南省海口市   570100;3 海南省热带脑科学研究与转化重点实验室,海南省海口市   570100;4 渥太华大学,加拿大渥太华   K1N6N5
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-13 接受日期:2024-02-05 出版日期:2025-03-08 发布日期:2024-06-27
  • 通讯作者: 赵振强,博士,主任医师,海南医学院第一附属医院神经内科,海南省海口市 570100; 海南医学院,海南省海口市 570100; 海南省热带脑科学研究与转化重点实验室,海南省海口市 570100 共同通讯作者:冯晓丽,硕士,主治医师,海南医学院第一附属医院神经内科,海南省海口市 570100; 海南医学院,海南省海口市 570100; 海南省热带脑科学研究与转化重点实验室,海南省海口市 570100
  • 作者简介:黄婷,女,1993年生,江苏省连云港市人,汉族,海南医学院在读硕士,主要从事干细胞移植与神经系统疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81860238),项目负责人:赵振强;海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2018233),项目负责人:赵振强;海南省科技厅高层次人才项目(821RC694),项目负责人:赵振强;海南省国际科技合作人才与交流项目(G20241024014E),项目负责人:赵振强;海南省临床医学中心建设项目(琼卫医函 [2021]276号);海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(21A200354),项目负责人:冯晓丽

Effects of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on survival, proliferation, and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells

Huang Ting1, 2, 3, Zheng Xiaohan1, 2, 3, Zhong Yuanji1, 2, 3, Wei Yanzhao1, 2, 3, Wei Xufang2, Cao Xudong4, Feng Xiaoli1, 2, 3, Zhao Zhenqiang1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; 2Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; 3Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Translation, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; 4University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N6N5, Ontario, Canada
  • Received:2023-11-13 Accepted:2024-02-05 Online:2025-03-08 Published:2024-06-27
  • Contact: Zhao Zhenqiang, MD, Chief physician, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Translation, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Feng Xiaoli, Master, Attending physician, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Translation, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • About author:Huang Ting, Master candidate, Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Translation, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860238 (to ZZQ); Hainan Key Research & Development Program, No. ZDYF2018233 (to ZZQ); High-Level Talent Project of Hainan Provincial Science and Technology Department, No. 821RC694 (to ZZQ); Hainan International Science and Technology Cooperation Talent and Exchange Project, No. G20241024014E (to ZZQ); Hainan Clinical Medical Center Construction Project, No. QWYH[2021]276; Hainan Health Industry Scientific Research Project, No. 21A200354 (to FXL)

摘要:

文题释义:

胚胎干细胞:来源于囊胚内部的细胞团,具有在体外无限增殖(自我更新)的能力,并且可以分化成所有3个胚层的细胞(多能性),这些特性使得胚胎干细胞在细胞替代疗法、药物研发、再生医学等基础科学和临床研究中具有极其重要的价值。
巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子:是一种多效性细胞因子,广泛表达于多种组织和细胞中,可调控多种细胞的增殖、存活、分化和迁移等生物学过程。


背景:巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(macrophage migration inhibitory factor,MIF)是一种具有多效性作用的细胞因子,可以在不同类型干细胞中自分泌并且能调控细胞的增殖、分化和迁移。课题组前期研究证实人胚胎干细胞自分泌MIF,且在培养液中浓度基本固定。然而,MIF是否参与了人胚胎干细胞的存活、增殖和分化尚不清楚。
目的:探究MIF对人胚胎干细胞存活、增殖和分化的作用。
方法:①培养人胚胎干细胞H9,CCK-8法检测并绘制细胞生长曲线,采用酶联免疫吸附法定量检测培养基中MIF水平。②为了明确外源性MIF对人胚胎干细胞存活、增殖的影响,分为:对照组,细胞在干细胞培养基中正常培养;外源性MIF组,在干细胞培养基中分别添加30,100,300 ng/mL的MIF;MIF抑制剂ISO-1组,在干细胞培养基中分别添加2,7,21 μmol/L的ISO-1;MIF+ISO-1组,在不同浓度ISO-1组中分别添加100 ng/mL MIF,采用CCK-8法检测上述各组细胞活力。③为进一步阐明MIF基因对人胚胎干细胞存活、增殖的影响,采用CRISPR-Cas9技术构建MIF敲除的H9细胞系,观察建系情况。④为了明确高浓度MIF对人胚胎干细胞初步分化是否有影响,在培养基中分别添加100 ng/mL MIF和100 ng/mL CXCR4中和抗体,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)、免疫细胞荧光、蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测干细胞自我更新因子(KLF4、c-MYC、NANOG、OCT4、SOX2)及分化转录因子(FOXA2、OTX2)的表达水平。
结果与结论:①人胚胎干细胞H9的对数生长期为3-6 d,正常生长的情况下自分泌MIF水平约为20 ng/mL,与细胞量无关;②与对照组相比,添加不同质量浓度MIF对人胚胎干细胞的增殖无影响(P > 0.05);ISO-1明显抑制人胚胎干细胞的增殖,ISO-1浓度越大,抑制越明显(P < 0.05);ISO-1中添加MIF可以减少ISO-1的抑制作用(P < 0.05);③RT-qPCR检测MIF基因敲除约50%后,人胚胎干细胞生长活力显著降低并且无法建系成功;④在培养基中添加100 ng/mL外源性MIF,自我更新转录因子KLF4的mRNA、蛋白及荧光表达水平均下降;分化因子FOXA2的mRNA、蛋白及荧光表达水平均上升;⑤在培养基中添加100 ng/mL CXCR4中和抗体,KLF4的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均上升;FOXA2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均下降,与MIF组表达趋势相反。综上所述,人胚胎干细胞自分泌的MIF是其存活所必需的;培养基中额外添加MIF并不能促进人胚胎干细胞增殖,但可以使自我更新因子KLF4表达下降,转录因子FOXA2表达上升,为下一步探明MIF对人胚胎干细胞分化的影响及机制提供了线索,MIF-CXCR4轴在其中起到一定的调控作用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5264-2265(黄婷) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is secreted in different types of stem cells and can regulate the proliferation, differentiation and migration of various types of stem cells. Our previous research has confirmed that human embryonic stem cells secrete MIF and that its concentration in the culture medium is relatively stable. However, whether MIF is involved in the survival, proliferation and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of MIF on survival, proliferation, and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. 
METHODS: (1) Human embryonic stem cells H9 were cultured. The growth curve of cells was detected and plotted by CCK-8 assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the level of MIF in the medium. (2) To determine the effects of exogenous MIF on the survival and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells, different groups were established: the control group, which was cultured in stem cell medium without any modifications; the exogenous MIF group, which was treated with different concentrations (30, 100, 300 ng/mL) of MIF in the stem cell medium; the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 group, which was treated with different concentrations (2, 7, 21 μmol/L) of ISO-1 in the stem cell medium; and the MIF+ISO-1 group, which was treated with different concentrations of ISO-1 along with 100 ng/mL of MIF. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. (3) To further elucidate the effect of MIF gene on survival and proliferation of human embryonic stem cell, the MIF knockout H9 cell line was constructed by CRISPR-Cas 9 technology to observe the lineage establishment. (4) To determine the effect of high concentrations of MIF on human embryonic stem cell differentiation, 100 ng/mL MIF and 100 ng/mL of CXCR4 neutralizing antibody were separately added to the normal stem cell culture medium. The expression levels of self-renewal factors (KLF4, c-MYC, NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2) and differentiation transcription factors (FOXA2, OTX2) were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The logarithmic growth phase of H9 cells was between 3-6 days. Under normal growth conditions, human embryonic stem cells secreted MIF at a concentration of approximately 20 ng/mL, independent of cell quantity. (2) Compared to the control group, the addition of different concentrations of MIF had no effect on the proliferation of human embryonic stem cells (P > 0.05). ISO-1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of human embryonic stem cells, with a stronger inhibition observed at higher concentrations of ISO-1 (P < 0.05). The addition of MIF in the presence of ISO-1 reduced the inhibitory effect of ISO-1 (P < 0.05). (3) Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that knocking out 50% of the MIF gene resulted in a significant decrease in the growth vitality of human embryonic stem cells and failure to establish cell lines. (4) Adding 100 ng/mL exogenous MIF to the culture medium resulted in a decrease in the mRNA, protein, and fluorescence expression levels of the self-renewal transcription factor KLF4, while the mRNA, protein, and fluorescence expression levels of the differentiation factor FOXA2 increased. (5) When 100 ng/mL CXCR4 neutralizing antibody was added to the culture medium, the mRNA and protein expression levels of KLF4 increased, while the mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXA2 decreased, contrary to the expression trend observed in the MIF group. In conclusion, the endogenous secretion of MIF by human embryonic stem cells is essential for their survival. The addition of MIF to the culture medium does not promote the proliferation of human embryonic stem cells. However, it can lead to a decrease in the expression of the self-renewal factor KLF4 and an increase in the expression of the transcription factor FOXA2. This provides a clue for further investigation into the effects and mechanisms of MIF on the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. The MIF-CXCR4 axis plays a regulatory role in this process.

Key words: macrophage migration inhibitory factor, human embryonic stem cell, autocrine, survival, differentiation, CXCR4, KLF4, FOXA2

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