中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 1388-1394.doi: 10.12307/2025.024

• 牙髓及牙周膜干细胞 Dental pulp and periodontal ligament stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

成骨诱导人牙周膜干细胞来源外泌体促进炎症微环境下人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化

艾克帕尔·艾尔肯1,陈晓涛1,2,吾凡别克·巴合提2   

  1. 1新疆大学生命科学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830000;2新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院口腔科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-20 接受日期:2024-02-07 出版日期:2025-03-08 发布日期:2024-06-27
  • 通讯作者: 陈晓涛,博士,博士生导师,主任医师,新疆大学生命科学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830000;新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院口腔科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830000
  • 作者简介:艾克帕尔·艾尔肯,男,1997年生,新疆维吾尔自治区巩留县人,维吾尔族,新疆大学在读硕士,主要从事基础医学研究。

Osteogenesis-induced exosomes derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells promote osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment

Aikepaer · Aierken1, Chen Xiaotao1, 2, Wufanbieke · Baheti2   

  1. 1School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Stomatology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-11-20 Accepted:2024-02-07 Online:2025-03-08 Published:2024-06-27
  • Contact: Chen Xiaotao, PhD, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Stomatology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Aikepaer · Aierken, Master candidate, School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:

间充质干细胞:是一种来源于中胚层的成体干细胞,存在于骨髓、脂肪、脐带、脐血和胎盘等多种组织,具有多向分化潜能。根据国际细胞治疗学会标准,间充质干细胞/祖细胞阳性表达表面标记CD73、CD90和CD105,不表达内皮和造血标记CD11b、CD19、CD79α、CD31、CD34、CD45和HLA-DR等抗原。
外泌体:是一种直径为30-150 nm的细胞外囊泡,在生理和病理条件下,几乎所有类型的细胞都会分泌外泌体。外泌体可通过传递蛋白质、脂质、miRNA等多种活性分子实现细胞间信息传递,此外,外泌体的生物发生受到许多外部因素的影响,包括细胞类型、血清条件、细胞因子和生长因子等。


背景:成骨诱导间充质干细胞来源外泌体具有较强的成骨分化能力,但是在炎症微环境下对人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响尚不明确。
目的:探究成骨诱导人牙周膜干细胞来源外泌体在炎症微环境下对人牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响。
方法:收集离体牙并分离培养人牙周膜干细胞,成骨诱导3 d后提取外泌体。将人牙周膜干细胞分为4组:对照组加入成骨诱导培养基,外泌体组加入含5 μg/mL外泌体的成骨诱导培养基,炎症模型和炎症模型+外泌体组以1 μg/mL脂多糖处理24 h构建细胞炎症微环境,炎症模型组在脂多糖处理后加入成骨诱导培养基,炎症模型+外泌体组在脂多糖处理后加入含5 μg/mL外泌体的成骨诱导培养基。通过茜素红以及碱性磷酸酶染色法检测各组人牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化能力;实时荧光定量 PCR与免疫印迹法检测各组人牙周膜干细胞中Runt相关转录因子2、骨桥蛋白、成骨细胞特异性转录因子Osterix(OSX)和wnt通路相关蛋白β-catenin的表达。
结果与结论:①与对照组相比,炎症模型组碱性磷酸酶染色相对面积、矿化结节染色相对面积以及Runt相关转录因子2、骨桥蛋白、OSX的表达量显著降低(P < 0.05);②与炎症模型组相比,炎症模型+外泌体组碱性磷酸酶染色相对面积、矿化结节染色相对面积以及Runt相关转录因子2、骨桥蛋白、OSX的表达显著升高(P < 0.05);③与对照组相比,炎症模型组wnt通路相关蛋白β-catenin表达量显著增加(P < 0.05);与炎症模型组相比,炎症模型+外泌体组β-catenin表达量显著降低(P < 0.05)。结果表明,成骨诱导人牙周膜干细胞来源外泌体可促进炎症微环境下人牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化,其作用机制可能与wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2333-4007(艾克帕尔·艾尔肯) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 人牙周膜干细胞, 外泌体, 炎症微环境, 成骨分化, 成骨细胞, 信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The osteogenic differentiation ability of exosomes derived from osteogenic mesenchymal stem cells is well established. However, their impact on the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of exosomes derived from osteogenesis-induced human periodontal ligament stem cells on the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells within an inflammatory microenvironment.
METHODS: Human periodontal ligament stem cells were isolated and cultured. After 3 days of osteogenic induction, exosomes were extracted. Human periodontal ligament stem cells were divided into four groups. Control group was treated with osteogenesis-induced medium. The exosome group was treated with osteogenesis-induced medium containing 5 μg/mL exosomes. Inflammatory model and inflammatory model + exosome groups were treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide for 24 hours to construct a cellular inflammatory microenvironment. The inflammatory model group was treated with osteogenesis-induced medium after lipopolysaccharide intervention. The inflammatory model + exosome group was treated with osteogenesis-induced medium containing 5 μg/mL exosome. The osteogenic differentiation ability of human periodontal ligament stem cells was assessed using alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining. The expressions of Runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin, osteoblast-specific transcription factor Osterix (OSX) and wnt pathway-related protein β-catenin were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot assay. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the relative area stained by alkaline phosphatase, the relative area stained by mineralized nodules and the expression levels of Runx2, osteopontin, and OSX were significantly decreased in the inflammatory model group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the inflammatory model group, the expression of Runx2, osteopontin, and OSX in the inflammatory model + exosome group was significantly increased in the relative area of alkaline phosphatase staining, the relative area of mineralized nodules staining (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the control group, the expression of wnt pathway-related protein β-catenin was significantly increased in the inflammatory model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the inflammatory model group, the expression of β-catenin in the inflammatory model + exosome group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that exosomes derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells induced by bone formation can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells within an inflammatory microenvironment, and the mechanism may be related to wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Key words: human periodontal ligament stem cell, exosome, inflammatory microenvironment, osteogenic differentiation, osteoblast, signaling pathway 

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