中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (20): 3209-3215.doi: 10.12307/2023.421

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

有氧运动干预慢性肾功能衰竭模型大鼠的肾脏纤维化

刘  芃1,马  刚2,何瑞波2,彭  朋2   

  1. 1广西财经学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530003;2中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院卫生勤务系,天津市  300309
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 接受日期:2022-07-09 出版日期:2023-07-18 发布日期:2022-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 彭朋,博士,讲师,中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院卫生勤务系,天津市 300309
  • 作者简介:刘芃,男,1975年生,广西壮族自治区北流市人,2011年北京体育大学毕业,硕士,副教授,主要从事运动健康促进方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市自然科学基金项目(17JCYBJC27400),课题名称:不同运动方式对自发性高血压大鼠心脏肥大的作用及机制,项目负责人:彭朋
    引用本文:刘芃,

Effect of aerobic exercise on renal fibrosis in rats with chronic renal failure

Liu Peng1, Ma Gang2, He Ruibo2, Peng Peng2   

  1. 1Guangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanning 530003, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Health Service, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Accepted:2022-07-09 Online:2023-07-18 Published:2022-11-19
  • Contact: Peng Peng, MD, Lecturer, Department of Health Service, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
  • About author:Liu Peng, Master, Associate professor, Guangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanning 530003, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, No. 17JCYBJC27400 (to PP)

摘要:


文题释义:

有氧运动:是指全身主要肌群参与的、持续时间较长、以有氧代谢提供运动中所需能量的运动方式,对改善心血管疾病、代谢性疾病等慢性非传染性疾病具有一定疗效。
肾素-血管紧张素系统:是由一系列肽类激素及相应酶组成的重要体液调节系统,其主要功能是调节和维持人体血压及水、电解质的平衡,维持人体内环境的相对稳定。

背景:肾脏纤维化是慢性肾功能衰竭的主要特征与基本病理生理学变化,其中局部肾素-血管紧张素系统稳态失衡造成的胶原代谢异常可能起关键作用。有氧运动是防治各种类型组织纤维化的重要非药物手段,但其对肾脏纤维化的作用及机制尚未明确。
目的:阐明规律有氧运动对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾脏纤维化的影响,并探讨胶原代谢通路及肾素-血管紧张素系统在其间的作用机制。
方法:45只6周龄雄性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组、模型安静组和模型运动组(n=15),后两组利用5/6肾切除术制作慢性肾功能衰竭模型,假手术组和模型安静组于鼠笼内安静饲养,模型运动组进行18周跑台有氧运动训练(60 min/d,5 d/周)。运动训练结束后,利用无创血压仪测定尾动脉血压,代谢笼收集尿液测定24 h蛋白尿,心脏取血检测血清尿素氮和血清肌酐水平,采用PAS染色和Masson染色进行肾脏组织病理学观察并获取肾小球硬化指数和纤维化指数,取肾组织采用免疫印迹法测定Ⅰ型胶原、转化生长因子β1、基质金属蛋白酶2、基质金属蛋白酶9、金属蛋白酶组织抑制物1以及血管紧张素原、肾素、肾素受体、血管紧张素转换酶、血管紧张素转换酶2、血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体、血管紧张素Ⅱ 2型受体和Mas受体蛋白表达量,明胶酶谱法检测肾脏基质金属蛋白酶2和基质金属蛋白酶9活性。
结果与结论:①与模型安静组比较,模型运动组血压降低、肾功能提高(P < 0.05);肾小球硬化指数和肾脏纤维化指数降低(P < 0.05);肾脏Ⅰ型胶原、转化生长因子β1、金属蛋白酶组织抑制物1、血管紧张素原、肾素、血管紧张素转换酶和血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体蛋白表达量降低(P < 0.05);基质金属蛋白酶2、基质金属蛋白酶9、血管紧张素转换酶2、血管紧张素Ⅱ 2型受体和Mas受体蛋白表达量上调(P < 0.05);基质金属蛋白酶2/金属蛋白酶组织抑制物1比值、基质金属蛋白酶9/金属蛋白酶组织抑制物1比值和基质金属蛋白酶2活性升高(P < 0.05);②提示长期有氧运动能够减轻5/6肾切除所致的大鼠肾脏纤维化并延缓肾功能衰竭进程,其机制可能与恢复肾素-血管紧张素系统稳态失衡、进而改善胶原代谢有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-3192(刘芃)    

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 有氧运动, 慢性肾功能衰竭, 肾脏纤维化, 细胞外基质, 肾素-血管紧张素系统

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Renal fibrosis is the main characteristic and basic pathophysiological change of chronic renal failure, in which local imbalance of renin-angiotensin system homeostasis induced abnormal collagen metabolism may play a key role. Aerobic exercise is an important non-drug method for the prevention and treatment of various types of tissue fibrosis; however, its effect and mechanism on renal fibrosis have not been clarified. 
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the effect of regular aerobic exercise on renal fibrosis in a rat model of chronic renal failure and to explore the mechanism of collagen metabolic pathway and renin-angiotensin system. 
METHODS: Forty-five 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, model sedentary group, and model exercise group, with 15 rats in each group. Animal models of chronic renal failure were established by 5/6 nephrectomy in the latter two groups. The sham and model sedentary groups were caged and fed quietly, while the model exercise group received 18 weeks of treadmill aerobic exercise training (60 minutes a day, 5 days per week). After exercise, caudal artery blood pressure was measured by non-invasive sphygmomanometer; urine was collected from metabolic cage for 24-hour proteinuria measurement; and blood sample was taken from the heart to detect serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Renal histopathology was observed by periodic acid–Schiff and Masson staining, and glomerular sclerosis index and fibrosis index were obtained. Protein expression of type I collagen, transforming growth factor-β1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, angiotensinogen, renin, renin receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, angiotensin II type 2 receptor, and Mas receptor in kidney tissue was determined by western blot. The activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in kidney tissue was detected by gelatin zymography. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model sedentary group, in model exercise group, blood pressure was decreased and renal function was improved (P < 0.05), glomerulosclerosis index and renal fibrosis index values were reduced (P < 0.05), the protein expressions of type I collagen, transforming growth factor-β1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, angiotensinogen, renin, angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptor were downregulated (P < 0.05), the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, angiotensin II type 2 receptor, and Mas receptor was upregulated (P < 0.05), the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in kidney tissue were increased (P < 0.05). To conclude, long-term aerobic exercise can alleviate renal fibrosis and delay the progression of renal failure induced by 5/6 nephrectomy in rats, and the mechanism may be related to the restoration of renin-angiotensin system homeostasis imbalance and improvement of collagen metabolism.

Key words: aerobic exercise, chronic renal failure, renal fibrosis, extracellular matrix, renin-angiotensin system

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