中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 1900-1905.doi: 10.12307/2023.018

• 药物控释材料 drug delivery materials • 上一篇    下一篇

负载外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶促进皮肤损伤愈合

凌华军1,崔瑞文2,王其友3   

  1. 1佛山市高明区人民医院骨二科,广东省佛山市  528500;2广东省中医院器官移植科,广东省广州市  510120;3南方医科大学附属第三医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市  510630
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-11 接受日期:2021-12-11 出版日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2022-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 王其友,副主任医师,南方医科大学附属第三医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市 510630
  • 作者简介:凌华军,男,1982年生,广东省吴川市人,汉族,副主任医师,主要从事骨科及创伤基础与临床研究。

3D extracellular matrix hydrogel loaded with exosomes promotes wound repair

Ling Huajun1, Cui Ruiwen2, Wang Qiyou3   

  1. 1Second Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, People’s Hospital of Gaoming District, Foshan 528500, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Organ Transplantation, Guangdong Province Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2021-10-11 Accepted:2021-12-11 Online:2023-04-28 Published:2022-07-30
  • Contact: Wang Qiyou, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Ling Huajun, Associate chief physician, Second Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, People’s Hospital of Gaoming District, Foshan 528500, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
外泌体:指细胞分泌的直径为30-150 nm的微小囊泡,具有非免疫原性和非致瘤性等优点,含有多种mRNA、microRNA、脂质和蛋白质等多种生物活性物质,具有抗炎、促血管生成和促进细胞增殖生长等作用。
细胞外基质水凝胶:保留原组织或器官的细胞外基质蛋白成分、活性因子和天然的三维结构,能较好还原组织受损前的微环境,具有促进细胞黏附、增殖和分化的生物活性以及可生物降解的特性,在骨骼、软骨、周围神经和心脏等领域组织工程中得到广泛应用。

背景:应用细胞外基质水凝胶有效递送外泌体,并与皮肤周围组织进行桥接,有助于皮肤损伤的修复。
目的:探索负载骨髓间充质干细胞外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶对皮肤损伤的影响。
方法:利用超速离心法提取大鼠骨髓间充质细胞上清液中的外泌体。①制备甲基丙烯酸改性明胶水凝胶,加入外泌体与光引发剂,于紫外线下交联,形成负载外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶;②将成纤维细胞分别接种于负载外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶与普通培养板上,接种12 h后,划痕实验观察细胞迁移情况;③在20只成年SD大鼠背部制作直径1 cm、深0.2 cm的皮肤损伤创面,实验组(n=10)覆盖负载外泌体的3D细胞外基质水凝胶,对照组(n=10)覆盖生理盐水,最后均覆盖无菌纱布,术后2周,通过苏木精-伊红染色法及马松染色观察损伤皮肤结构变化和胶原沉积情况。
结果与结论:①划痕实验显示,负载外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶上成纤维细胞的迁移能力强于普通培养板;②动物实验苏木精-伊红染色显示,对照组皮肤组织结构有不同程度的断裂,炎症细胞增多;实验组皮肤组织结构较为完整,细胞数量明显增多,微血管结构清晰可见及密度增加;③动物实验马松染色显示,实验组皮肤组织内含有大量规则排列的胶原纤维,对照组仅存在少量胶原纤维,且呈现稀疏结构;④结果表明,负载骨髓间充质干细胞外泌体的3D明胶细胞外基质水凝胶水凝胶有助于皮肤损伤的愈合,可能与外泌体促进成纤维细胞迁移有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3632-6961 (凌华军)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 皮肤损伤, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 外泌体, 细胞外基质, 水凝胶, 伤口愈合

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of extracellular matrix hydrogels can effectively deliver exosomes and bridge with the surrounding tissues of the skin, which is helpful for the repair of skin damage. 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of 3D gelatin extracellular matrix hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on skin wounds. 
METHODS: Exosomes of the supernatant of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells were obtained by ultracentrifugation. (1) A methacrylic acid-modified gelatin hydrogel was prepared, and exosomes and photoinitiators were added to cross-link under ultraviolet light to form a 3D gelatin extracellular matrix hydrogel loaded with exosomes. (2) The fibroblasts were seeded on the exosome-loaded 3D gelatin extracellular matrix hydrogel and ordinary culture plates, respectively. After 12 hours of seeding, the cell migration was observed by scratch experiment. (3) A skin injury wound with a diameter of 1 cm and a depth of 0.2 cm was made on the back of 20 adult SD rats. The experimental group (n=10) was covered with 3D extracellular matrix hydrogel loaded with exosomes, and the control group (n=10) was covered with normal saline, and finally with sterile gauze. Two weeks after operation, the structural changes and collagen deposition of the wound were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The scratch experiment exhibited that the migration ability of fibroblasts on the exosome-loaded 3D gelatin extracellular matrix hydrogel was stronger than that of the ordinary culture plate. (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining in the animal experiment displayed that skin tissue structure of the control group was broken to varying degrees, and the number of inflammatory cells increased. The skin tissue structure of the experimental group was relatively complete, the number of cells increased obviously, and the microvascular structure was clearly visible and the density increased. (3) Masson staining in animal experiment demonstrated that the skin tissue of the experimental group contained a large number of regularly arranged collagen fibers. There were only a few collagen fibers in the control group, and the structure was sparse. (4) It is concluded that 3D extracellular matrix-based hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes can be conducive to wound repair. It may be related to the promotion of fibroblast migration by exosomes.

Key words: skin injury, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, exosome, extracellular matrix, hydrogel, wound healing

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