中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (26): 4236-4242.doi: 10.12307/2021.127

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

RNA m6A甲基化修饰参与及调控骨科相关疾病

陈伟坚1,张罡瑜2,林天烨2,梁  笃1,王海彬3   

  1. 1广州中医药大学附属广州市正骨医院,广东省广州市   510405;2广州中医药大学第一临床医学院,广东省广州市   510405;3广州中医药大学第一附属医院骨科,广东省广州市   510405
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-07 修回日期:2020-08-11 接受日期:2020-09-04 出版日期:2021-09-18 发布日期:2021-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 王海彬,主任医师,博士生导师,广州中医药大学第一附属医院骨科中心,广东省广州市 510405 E-mail:whbtdzyyx@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈伟坚,男,1995年生,广东省佛山市人,汉族,广州中医药大学附属广州市正骨医院在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节退行性变、代谢性骨病方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2017年国家自然科学基金面上项目(81774339),项目负责人:王海彬;2020年国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074462),项目负责人:王海彬

N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation is involved in orthopedic related diseases

Chen Weijian1, Zhang Gangyu2, Lin Tianye2, Liang Du1, Wang Haibin3   

  1. 1Guangzhou Bone Setting Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-07 Revised:2020-08-11 Accepted:2020-09-04 Online:2021-09-18 Published:2021-05-13
  • Contact: Wang Haibin, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China E-mail:whbtdzyyx@163.com
  • About author:Chen Weijian, Master candidate, Guangzhou Bone Setting Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2017 (General Program), No. 81774339 (to WHB); the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2020 (General Program), No. 82074462 (to WHB)

摘要:

文题释义:
m6A:是指发生在RNA腺嘌呤N6位点上的甲基化修饰,是一种动态可逆的修饰模式,m6A修饰在转录后水平上调控RNA翻译、可变剪切、转运、定位和降解等,是真核生物mRNA中最丰富的表观遗传修饰,在调控各种细胞的分化、修复、侵袭和凋亡中起重要作用。
表观遗传修饰:指不依赖于DNA序列变化而引起基因表达改变的可遗传性修饰,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色体重塑和非编码RNA调控等,随着RNA甲基化及乙酰化的深入研究,扩展了其内涵。近年来研究发现,表观遗传修饰(RNA、DNA及组蛋白修饰)广泛参与人体各系统疾病的发生及发展过程。

背景:随着高通量测序技术的发展,研究发现骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞、脂肪细胞、破骨细胞、软骨细胞和骨肉瘤细胞等均可检测到m6A修饰的存在,m6A修饰可通过调控细胞RNA水平的甲基化,影响相关基因的mRNA和(或)非编码RNA的翻译等过程,从而激活细胞信号转导通路,影响细胞的增殖、分化、迁移、侵袭、凋亡及DNA损伤修复等,进而调控骨骼发育、关节退变、骨折愈合及骨肿瘤的发生、发展等生理病理过程。
目的:总结近年来m6A修饰在骨质疏松症、骨关节炎等骨科疾病中的最新研究成果和作用机制,为开发骨科相关疾病的新型治疗策略提供启发。
方法:以中文关键词“N6-甲基腺嘌呤,骨质疏松症,骨关节炎,骨科疾病”检索CNKI数据库,以英文关键词“m6A,osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,orthopedic disease”检索PubMed数据库,全网检索自建库至2020年6月有关m6A修饰在骨科疾病中研究成果的文献,严格按照纳入和排除标准筛选,最后选定61篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①在骨质疏松症进展过程中,METTL3/m6A介导的RNA甲基化以及FTO/m6A介导的RNA去甲基化动态调控相关基因的表达,进一步影响相关信号通路的激活,影响骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨及成脂分化;②METTL3/m6A通过调节软骨细胞中的核因子κB信号传导和细胞外基质合成,在骨关节炎进展中“扮演”了重要的角色;③METTL3/m6A通过靶向调控成骨细胞相关的miR-7212-5p来抑制骨折愈合过程中的成骨机制;④METTL3通过调节淋巴增强因子1的m6A水平从而激活Wnt/β-catenin信号以及通过调节ATAD2基因的m6A甲基化来加速骨肉瘤的恶化;⑤在骨质疏松症、骨关节炎等骨科疾病中,m6A修饰均参与了多系统疾病的进程,m6A修饰的深入研究为进一步了解骨科相关疾病的发病机制提供了理论依据,并提供了基于表观遗传学基础的骨科疾病治疗思路以及参考依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4874-7272 (陈伟坚)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: RNA m6A修饰, m6A修饰酶系统, 骨骼发育, 成骨, 脂肪, 软骨, 骨质疏松症, 骨关节炎, 骨肉瘤

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:  With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, recent studies have found that the presence of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can be detected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, adipocytes, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and osteosarcoma cells. It can affect the translation of mRNA and/or non-coding RNA of related genes by regulating the methylation of RNA in cells, which can activate cell signal transduction pathways, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and DNA damage repair. In turn, it can regulate the physiological and pathological processes such as bone development, joint degeneration, fracture healing, and the occurrence and development of bone tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the latest research results and specific mechanisms of m6A modification in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and other orthopedic diseases in recent years, and to offer inspiration for the development of new treatment strategies for orthopedic diseases.
METHODS: CNKI and PubMed were searched with the keywords of “N-6 methyladenine, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, orthopedic diseases” for literatures regarding m6A methylation modification in orthopedic diseases from their inception date to June 2020. According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 61 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the accelerated development of osteoporosis, METTL3-mediated m6A methylation and FTO-mediated m6A demethylation affect the expression of related genes and further regulate the bone formation and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METTL3-mediated m6A methylation plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis by regulating nuclear-κB signaling in chondrocytes and extracellular matrix synthesis. METTL3/m6A inhibits the osteogenic mechanism in the fracture healing process by targeting the regulation of osteoblast-related miR-7212-5p. METTL3 activates Wnt/β-catenin signals by regulating the m6A level of lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 and accelerates the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating the m6A methylation of ATAD2 gene. Therefore, m6A modification is involved in the pathological progresses of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and other orthopedic diseases. The in-depth study of m6A modification provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of orthopedic related diseases, and provides therapeutic thoughts and references for orthopedic diseases based on epigenetics.

Key words: RNA m6A modification, m6A modification enzyme system, bone development, osteogenesis, fat, cartilage, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma

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