中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (28): 4461-4467.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1266

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换后需要异体输血的相关因素分析

辛超飞,许建中,赵世新,田进翔,常英健,史简铭   

  1. 郑州大学第一附属医院骨六科,河南省郑州市  450000
  • 出版日期:2019-10-08 发布日期:2019-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 许建中,博士,教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,郑州大学第一附属医院关节外科,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:辛超飞,男,1992年生,河南省平顶山市人,汉族,郑州大学在读硕士,主要从事骨关节疾病及运动医学方面研究。

Correlation factors for allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty

Xin Chaofei, Xu Jianzhong, Zhao Shixin, Tian Jinxiang, Chang Yingjian, Shi Jianming   

  1. Sixth Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2019-10-08 Published:2019-10-08
  • Contact: Xu Jianzhong, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Sixth Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Xin Chaofei, Master candidate, Sixth Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
全膝关节置换:是按照正常的膝关节解剖切除已经磨损破坏并且无法自我修复的膝关节面,由人工关节部件代替病损部位,纠正关节力线,恢复膝关节功能,是治疗晚期膝关节病变的有效方法。
异体输血:包括成分输血与输全血,指一定条件下,患者体内输入由他人提供的与自体血型相同的血液或血液成分,是纠正患者贫血最快速的手段。研究表明异体输血可导致包括疾病传播、急性肺损伤、静脉血栓、过敏反应、溶血反应等在内的并发症的发生。
 
摘要
背景:由于围术期大量失血,部分患者全膝关节置换后需接受异体输血,并面临由此带来的风险。如何降低患者全膝关节置换后异体输血率已成为骨关节科临床研究的重要课题。
目的:调查全膝关节置换后异体输血率,并分析与之相关的危险因素,以期为降低全膝关节置换后异体输血率提供依据
方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年5月于郑州大学第一附属医院接受全膝关节置换的全部687例患者,根据患者全膝关节置换后是否进行异体输血将其分为异体输血组(n=197)和非异体输血组(n=490)。记录可能影响患者全膝关节置换后异体输血率的有关指标,并采用单因素分析与多元回归分析筛选与之相关的危险因素。试验于2019年3月经郑州大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论:①全部687例全膝关节置换患者中,197例患者置换后进行了异体输血,异体输血率为28.7%;②2组患者年龄、性别、术前诊断、术前血红蛋白浓度、术前红细胞压集、引流管放置情况差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③在多元回归分析中,2组患者年龄、性别、术前血红蛋白浓度、术前红细胞压集、引流管放置情况差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④结果提示,高龄、女性、术前贫血、术前红细胞压集低于正常值、术后放置引流管是增加全膝关节置换后异体血率的独立危险因素;类风湿关节炎患者及术后平均动脉压值较术前降低≥20 mm Hg的患者术后输血率明显增高;但是一期双侧全膝关节置换、分期双侧全膝关节置换与单侧全膝关节置换患者的异体输血率接近。

ORCID: 0000-0002-3874-2195(许建中)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 膝关节炎, 全膝关节置换, 骨性关节炎, 术后输血, 异体输血, 危险因素

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to massive blood loss during perioperative period, some patients need to receive allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty, which is risky. How to reduce the rate of allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty has become an issue of concern in clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty, and analyze its risk factors, thus reducing the rate of allogeneic blood transfusion in patients with total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: Totally 687 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into non-allogeneic (n=490) and allogeneic blood transfusion (n=197) groups according to whether they had allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty. The postoperative indexes related to allogeneic blood transfusion were recorded. Potential risk factors for allogeneic transfusion were analyzed statistically via univariate and multivariate regression analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in March 2019.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Totally 197 (28.7%) patients of 687 received allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee arthroplasty. (2) The differences were significant in the age, sex, pre-diagnosis, pre-hemoglobin level, pre-hematocrit and drainage tube placement between two groups (P < 0.05). (3) Age, sex, pre-hemoglobin level, pre-hematocrit and drainage tube placement were significantly different between two groups in multivariate regression analysis (P < 0.05). (4) These results indicate that aged female, pre-anemia, pre-hematocrit less than the normal level and postoperative drainage tube placement are independent risk factors for increasing the allogeneic blood transfusion rate after total knee arthroplasty. Patients who were with rheumatoid arthritis and whose postoperative mean arterial pressure has a reduction of ≥ 20 mm Hg have an increased postoperative blood transfusion rate. There is no significant difference in the allogeneic blood transfusion rate between simultaneous bilateral, staged bilateral total knee arthroplasties and unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Key words: bone implants, artificial prosthesis, knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty, osteoarthritis, postoperative blood transfusion, allogeneic blood transfusion, risk factors

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