中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (26): 4249-4254.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1368

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

生物型cage椎间骨整合:界面的组织细胞学特性及骨整合愈合机制

贾  鹏,张  涛
  

  1. 天津市天津医院,肢体矫形与重建病区,天津市  300211
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 张涛,男,副主任医师,天津市天津医院,肢体矫形与重建病区, 天津市 300211
  • 作者简介:贾鹏,男,主治医师。

Biological cage in intervertebral bone integration: histocytological properties of interface and healing mechanism of osseointegration

Jia Peng, Zhang Tao
  

  1. Department of Limb Orthopedics and Reconstruction, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Received:2019-03-26
  • Contact: Zhang Tao, Associate chief physician, Department of Limb Orthopedics and Reconstruction, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • About author:Jia Peng, Attending physician, Department of Limb Orthopedics and Reconstruction, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
表面改性:是通过整合金属小梁或应用纳米颗粒喷雾、激光蚀刻、嵌入陶瓷、蛋白质沉积到支架或植入物表面以及改变基质等方法改变支架或植入物的纳米微环境,使其具备一定生物相容性。
骨整合:是指光学显微镜下内植物与骨组织之间的无纤维结缔组织界面层的直接接触。内植物-界面骨整合主要受界面所受力学载荷的影响,力学载荷主要通调控骨组织细胞信号表达激活骨的重塑或重建。
 
 
背景:目前,生物降解型cage具有良好的力学强度及生物相容性,在脊柱矫形、纳米材料及仿生生物医学领域作为自体骨替代修复材料的应用越来越广泛,但其效果仍存在争议。
目的:文章总结并讨论生物型cage设计理念、生物力学特点、降解特性和基础及临床研究,旨为生物型cage的临床应用提供依据。
方法:由第一作者用计算机检索中国知网、万方及PubMed数据库,检索词分别为:“生物降解型cage、生物相容性、降解特性、力学特性”和“biological cage,biocompatibility,degradation properties,mechanical properties”,语言分别设定为中文和英文。从生物型cage的制备、力学、降解特性及实验方面进行总结介绍。
结果与结论:共检索到132篇文献,按纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,共纳入48篇文献。结果表明:双相或多相材料组合成为生物型cage的设计主流,组织工程学及材料表面改性使其有效地促进椎间融合。目前主要的缺点是其自身降解性所造成的力学不稳定及无菌性炎症等仍需进一步深入研究。以聚乳酸及其衍生物为主的生物型cage已应用于临床,尤其以聚乳酸与β-磷酸三钙组合可互相取长补短,该混合共聚物可同时满足融合过程中的机械性能及生物相容性,但cage的曲率、位置及与上下终板的匹配程度是影响椎间骨整合的重要因素,在使用时需高度注意。然而,椎间骨整合的确切机制尚不明确,相关细胞因子的基因表达、信号通路传导、cage对骨修复细胞增殖的影响及cage无菌性松动等仍需进一步探索。

关键词: 生物降解型cage, 表面改性, 组织工程技术, 仿生生物技术, 动物模型, 磨损颗粒, 椎间骨整合, 生物相容性, 降解特性, 力学特性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Biological cage has been widely used in the fields of spinal orthopedics, nanometer materials and bionic biomedicine as the substitutes of new bone repair materials due to its high mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, its effects remain controversial.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the current design conception, biomechanical characteristics, degradation properties, basic and clinical research of biological cage, so as to provide basis for clinical application of biological cage.
METHODS: CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases were retrieved with the key words “biological cage, biocompatibility, degradation properties, mechanical properties” in Chinese and English, respectively. The preparation, mechanics, degradation characteristics and experiments of biological cage were summarized
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: One hundred and thirty-two articles were retrieved and 48 eligible articles were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The combination of biphasic or mutiphase materials has become the mainstream of cage design, and tissue engineering and surface modification have effectively promoted the intervertebral fusion. At present, the main drawbacks are the mechanical instability and aseptic inflammation caused by its own degradability which still needs to be further explored. The biological cage based on polylactic acid and β-tricalcium phosphate can complement each other. This copolymer can simultaneously meet the mechanical properties and biocompatibility during the fusion. What needs attention is that the curvature of cage, place position and matching degree with the upper and lower endplates are important factors affecting the intervertebral bone integration. However, the concrete mechanism of osteointegration remains unclear. The gene expression of the cytokines, the signaling pathway, the effect of the cage on the bone repairing cell proliferation and aseptic cage loosening need further exploration.

Key words: biodegradable cage, surface modification, tissue engineering, bionic biomedicine, animal models, wear particle, intervertebral bone integration, biocompatibility, degradation properties, mechanical properties

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