中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (16): 2612-2617.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3148

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

生物可吸收材料特点及在骨科中的应用

李晏乐1,岳肖华1,聂  真2,张峻玮1,李朝辉1,聂伟志1,姜红江1   

  1. 1山东省文登整骨医院,山东省威海市  264400;2北京理工大学材料学院,北京市  100081
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-13 修回日期:2020-05-16 接受日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-06-08 发布日期:2021-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 聂伟志,主任医师,山东省文登整骨医院,山东省威海市 264400 姜红江,主任医师,山东省文登整骨医院,山东省威海市 264400
  • 作者简介:李晏乐,女,1993年生,湖北省荆州市人,汉族,2019年中国中医科学院毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事中西医结合治疗骨与关节疾病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    威海市科技发展计划项目(2015GNS048-),项目负责人:聂伟志

Characteristics and application of bioabsorbable materials in orthopedics

Li Yanle1, Yue Xiaohua1, Nie Zhen2, Zhang Junwei1, Li Zhaohui1, Nie Weizhi1, Jiang Hongjiang1#br#

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  1. 1Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai 264400, Shandong Province, China; 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijng Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2020-05-13 Revised:2020-05-16 Accepted:2020-06-17 Online:2021-06-08 Published:2021-01-07
  • Contact: Nie Weizhi, Chief physician, Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai 264400, Shandong Province, China Jiang Hongjiang, Chief physician, Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai 264400, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Li Yanle, Master, Physician, Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai 264400, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Weihai Science and Technology Development Plan Project, No. 2015GNS048- (to NWZ)

摘要:

文题释义:
生物可吸收材料:是指能够在体内生物环境中被降解和吸收的材料,因其用于制作人体植入装置可以避免植入物长期植入人体组织导致炎症或其他症状的发生及减轻患者二次手术的痛苦,使其在生物医学多个领域中得到广泛应用。
生物相容性:指生命体组织对非活性材料产生反应的一种性能,一般是指材料与宿主之间的相容性。生物材料植入人体后对特定的生物组织环境产生影响和作用,生物组织对生物材料也会产生影响和作用,两者的循环作用一直持续,直到达到平衡或者植入物被去除。

背景:生物可吸收材料在十几年的临床应用中展现了明显优势,在生物医学多个领域中得到广泛应用。
目的:综述现阶段生物可吸收材料的特点及其在骨科中的应用进展。
方法:应用计算机检索万方数据库、CNKI数据库、维普数据库和PubMed数据库中的相关文献,中文检索词为“生物可吸收材料、生物可吸收金属材料、生物可吸收无机材料、高分子材料、生物复合材料”,英文检索词为“Bioabsorbable/Bioabsorbable material、Metal material、Polymer material、Biocomposites”。
结果与结论:可吸收金属材料具有较好的机械性能;聚合物材料腐蚀机制明确,可以预测其在体内外腐蚀行为和腐蚀速率,但承重性能不如可吸收金属材料;生物陶瓷材料经过一定处理后具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性及骨结合性,但脆性大且不易成型;生物复合材料不仅兼具组分材料的性质,还能获得单一组分材料所不具有的新性能,具有广泛的应用的前景。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-1602 (李晏乐) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 材料, 生物可吸收, 高分子材料, 生物复合材料, 生物相容性, 骨组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  Bioabsorbable materials have shown obvious advantages in clinical application for more than ten years, and have been widely used in many biomedical fields.
OBJECTIVE: To review characteristics of bioabsorbable materials and their application in orthopedics.
METHODS: The articles published in Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, and PubMed databases were searched by computer. The key words were “bioabsorbable materials, bioabsorbable metal materials, bioabsorbable inorganic materials, polymer materials, biocomposites” in Chinese, and “bioabsorbable/bioabsorbable material, metal material, polymer material, biocomposites” in English. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Absorbable metal materials have good mechanical properties. The corrosion mechanism of polymer materials is clear, which can predict the corrosion behavior and corrosion rate in vivo and in vitro, but its load-bearing performance is not as good as that of absorbable metal materials. After certain treatment, bioceramics have good biocompatibility, bone conductivity and osseointegration, but they are brittle and difficult to be formed. Biocomposites have the properties of component materials, and can also obtain new properties that single component materials do not have, so it has a wide application prospect.

Key words: bone, materials, bioabsorbable, polymer materials, biological composite materials, biocompatibility, bone tissue engineering, review

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