中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (18): 2930-2937.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3839

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

尼卡地平控制性降压应用于骨科围术期失血的meta分析

钟远鸣1,付小鹏2,许  伟2,赵庆瑞2,黄  勇2,叶伟权2     

  1. 1广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530001;2广西中医药大学研究生院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530001
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-27 修回日期:2020-05-29 接受日期:2020-07-06 出版日期:2021-06-28 发布日期:2021-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 钟远鸣,广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530001
  • 作者简介:钟远鸣,男,1963年生,壮族,广西壮族自治区南宁市人,博士生导师,教授,主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓疾病的诊治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81760874);中医学广西一流学科(桂教科研〔2018〕12号),项目负责人:钟远鸣

Nicardipine controlled hypotension applied to perioperative blood loss in orthopedics: a meta-analysis

Zhong Yuanming1, Fu Xiaopeng2, Xu Wei2, Zhao Qingrui2, Huang Yong2, Ye Weiquan2   

  1. 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-05-27 Revised:2020-05-29 Accepted:2020-07-06 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-01-12
  • Contact: Zhong Yuanming, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Zhong Yuanming, Doctoral supervisor, Professor, Chief physician, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760874; First Class Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. (2018)12 (to ZYM)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨科围术期:骨科围术期是指骨科手术的全过程,患者决定接受手术治疗后,从手术治疗到基本康复的时期,包括术前,术中和术后。
尼卡地平:是骨科手术中常用的的二氢吡啶钙通道阻滞剂。其主要生理作用是扩张血管,尼卡地平对心肌的肌力和驱动功能的影响有限。尼卡地平广泛用于骨科及心胸外科术中、术后血压的控制。

目的:尼卡地平在骨科手术中的应用利弊目前仍存在争议,有研究报道尼卡地平应用于骨科围术期能减少出血且不会增加血栓风险,但这些单个研究病例数较少、研究结果有差异。文章采用meta分析法探讨尼卡地平对骨科围术期失血和输血的影响。
方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE、Clinical trials、Cochrane library、CNKI、CBM、万方和维普数据库中关于尼卡地平减少骨科围术期失血的随机对照试验,检索时限均由建库至 2020-02-15,根据文献纳入标准进行选择,重点选择可以被提取及进行Meta分析的文献(即包含主要结局指标术中出血量;或次要结局指标:不良反应发生率、清醒时间、手术时间、术后拔管时间、术后血红蛋白浓度、术中输血量、红细胞压积中的一项或多项),在筛选文献、提取数据和评估研究中包含的偏倚风险后,使用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。
结果:共纳入9项随机对照试验,研究中包含了521例骨科手术病例,其中尼卡地平组病例275例,对照组246例。Meta分析结果示:与Meta分析所包含的其他对照组相比,①尼卡地平可降低骨科围术期术中出血量(SMD=-1.430,95%CI:-2.570至-0.290,P < 0.05);②可降低不良反应发生率(RR=0.360,95%CI:0.130-1.020,P < 0.05);可能会延长患者清醒时间(SMD=0.936,95%CI:0.220-1.653,P < 0.001);③可能会延长患者术后拔管时间(SMD=1.889,95%CI:1.544-2.233,P < 0.001);④对患者手术时间、术后血红蛋白浓度、术中输血量和术后红细胞压积无显著影响(P > 0.05)。
结论:使用尼卡地平控制性降压减少骨科围术期失血是一种有效的方法,尼卡地平在进行骨科围术期的控制性降压时较为安全,但由于其可能会延长患者的清醒时间及拔管时间,故提示临床医生在使用此方法时应更加谨慎。但上述结论仍然需要通过更高质量、大样本、多中心随机对照试验来进一步证实。

关键词: 骨, 围术期, 尼卡地平, 骨科, 降压, 输血, 术中出血, 随机对照试验, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The advantages and disadvantages of nicardipine are still controversial now. Some studies have reported that nicardipine used in orthopedic perioperative period reduces blood loss, but does not increase the risk of blood clots. However, these studies are small-sample trials, in the meantime, the results are still controversial. This paper discussed the effect of nicardipine on perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion in orthopedic department by meta-analysis. 
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, Cochrane library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang and VIP databases were retrieved by computer for randomized controlled trials of nicardipine in reducing perioperative blood loss in orthopedics published from inception to February 15, 2020. The application of nicardipine in orthopedic perioperative bleeding was searched, and selected according to the inclusion criteria. The literature that could be extracted and analyzed by meta-analysis should be focused on (i.e., including the main outcome measure: intraoperative blood loss; or secondary outcome measures: incidence of adverse reactions, awake time, operation time, postoperative extubation time, postoperative hemoglobin concentration, intraoperative blood transfusion volume, and one or more items of hematocrit). After screening the literature, extracting data and assessing the risk of bias included in the study, the Stata12.0 software was used for meta-analysis.  
RESULTS: Nine randomized controlled trials included 521 orthopedic surgery cases, with 275 cases in the nicardipine group and 246 patients in the control group. Results of meta-analysis showed that compared with other control groups included in this meta-analysis, (1) nicardipine reduced perioperative blood loss (SMD=-1.430, 95%CI: -2.570 to -0.290, P < 0.05); (2) nicardipine reduced the incidence of adverse reactions (OR=0.360, 95%CI: 0.130-1.020, P < 0.05), possibly prolonged patients’ awake time (SMD=0.936, 95%CI: 0.220-1.653, P < 0.001); (3) nicardipine may prolong the postoperative extubation time (SMD=1.889, 95%CI: 1.544-2.233, P < 0.001). (4) There was no significant effect on operation time, postoperative hemoglobin concentration, intraoperative blood transfusion volume and postoperative hematocrit (P > 0.05). 
CONCLUSION: Nicardipine controlled hypotension is an effective method to reduce perioperative blood loss in orthopedic department. Nicardipine is safe for controlled hypotension in orthopedic perioperative period. However, it may prolong the awake time and extubation time of some patients. Therefore, clinicians should be more cautious when using this method. However, the above conclusions still need to be further confirmed by higher quality, large sample and multi-center randomized controlled trials.

Key words: bone, perioperative, nicardipine, orthopedics, hypotension, blood transfusion, intraoperative blood loss, randomized controlled trial, meta-analysis

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