中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 2364-2369.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3817

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

胸腰椎爆裂骨折伴神经损伤围术期隐性失血的统计学决策树模型分析

高志祥1,2,肖  聪1,杨红涛3,孟祥玉2   

  1. 1绵阳市第三人民医院,四川省精神卫生中心骨二科,四川省绵阳市   621000;2新疆医科大学第六附属医院微创脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830000;3新疆巴州人民医院脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区库尔勒市   841003
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-24 修回日期:2020-04-28 接受日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 孟祥玉,硕士,主任医师,新疆医科大学第六附属医院微创脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830000
  • 作者简介:高志祥,1991年生,四川省雅安市人,汉族,2019年新疆医科大学毕业,硕士。

Statistical decision tree model analysis on hidden blood loss in the perioperative period of thoracolumbar burst fracture accompanied with neurological deficiency 

Gao Zhixiang1, 2, Xiao Cong1, Yang Hongtao3, Meng Xiangyu2    

  1. 1Second Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Mianyang•Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Spinal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3Department of Spinal Surgery, Xinjiang Bazhou People’s Hospital, Korla 841003, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-04-24 Revised:2020-04-28 Accepted:2020-06-17 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-01-05
  • Contact: Meng Xiangyu, Master, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Gao Zhixiang, Master, Second Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Mianyang•Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Spinal Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
胸腰段:在临床上通常指T11-L2,是胸椎后凸和腰椎前凸的交界处,该区域由活动度相对固定的胸椎向较大的腰椎过渡,由于胸腰椎独有的解剖学特征构成了脊柱损伤的高发区。
隐性失血:在围术期间去除术中创面失血量、手术创口的纱布渗血等可计量的显性失血量及术后引流血量之外,患者体内丢失的、无法计算的血量。

背景:有研究表明脊柱围术期间具有较高的隐性失血,但是对隐性失血形成的危险因素并未阐述,试验对相关因素进行分析,筛选出高危因素。
目的:分析胸腰椎爆裂骨折伴神经损伤围术期隐性失血量及相关因素变化。
方法:回顾性分析2016年9月至2019年1月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院接受脊柱手术治疗的85例胸腰椎爆裂骨折伴神经损伤患者临床资料,包括患者的年龄、性别、民族、高血压病、糖尿病、冠心病、吸烟和饮酒史、非酯化脂肪酸(总胆固醇、三酰甘油)、手术时间、手术切口长度、术中晶体液量、术中胶体液量、自体血输注、异体血输注、术后椎体高度恢复率、手术治疗时间窗(<48 h、≥48 h)、伤椎节段及手术固定节段,采用Gross方程计算隐性失血量;以Logistic回归分析发生隐性失血的危险因素。
结果与结论:①胸腰椎爆裂骨折伴神经损伤患者85例中男66例,女19例,平均(40.75±12.42)岁,估计总失血量(1 030.84±115.45) mL,隐性失血量(484.57±98.38) mL,隐性失血量占理论总失血量的47.05%;②通过单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、三酰甘油> 1.63 mmol/L、胆固醇>5.76 mmol/L、手术切口延长、手术时间窗<48 h及合并吸烟史是围术期间隐性失血阳性发生的独立危险因素(P < 0.05);③通过SPSS 24.0统计学决策树模型分析及ROC曲线下面积验证显示,年龄>48岁时,该模型敏感性76.0%,特异性88.4%,具有一定的诊断准确性;④上述结论证实,隐性失血在脊柱手术围术期占有较高的比例,而年龄>48岁、胆固醇及三酰甘油偏高、手术切口延长、手术时间窗<48 h、合并吸烟史是隐性失血阳性发生的高危因素。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-0826 (高志祥) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-135X (孟祥玉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 胸腰椎, 骨折, 隐性失血, 失血量, 围术期, 决策树模型, 回顾性分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Some studies have shown that there is a high rate of hidden blood loss during spinal surgery, but the risk factors of hidden blood loss have not been described. In this study, the related factors were analyzed and the high risk factors were screened out.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relevant factors of hidden blood loss in the perioperative period of thoracolumbar burst fracture accompanied with neurological deficiency. 
METHODS: The clinical data of 85 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture and neurological deficiency received spinal surgery treatment in Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 2016 to January 2019 were analyzed. The patients’ data including age, gender, ethnic group, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, history of smoking and drinking, free fatty acid (total cholesterol, triglyceride), operation time, length of surgical incision, the amount of crystalloid solution during operation, the amount of colloidal solution during operation, autologuous blood injection, homologous blood transfusion, postoperative recovery rate of vertebral height, time window of surgical treatment (< 48 hours, ≥ 48 hours), the segment of fractured vertebra and the segment of operative fixation were recorded. Gross was adopted to calculate the volume of hidden blood loss. Logistic regression analysis was used to further discuss risk factors for hidden blood loss.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were 66 males and 19 females with an average age of (40.75±12.42) years in the total 85 cases of the patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture and neurological deficiency. The estimated total blood loss volume was (1 030.84±115.45) mL. The volume of hidden blood loss was (484.57±98.38) mL. The volume of hidden blood loss accounted for 47.05% of the total blood loss volume in theory. (2) The results of single-factor and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, triglyceride > 1.63 mmol/L  and cholesterol > 5.76 mmol/L, extended surgical incision and surgical time window < 48 hours, and smoking history were the independent risk factors for positive hidden blood loss during the perioperative period (P < 0.05). (3) The decision tree model analysis of SPSS 24.0 and ROC area under the curve verified that when the age was > 48 years, sensibility and specificity were 76.0% and 88.4% respectively, with a certain diagnostic accuracy. (4) It is concluded that hidden blood loss accounts for a high proportion in the perioperative period of the spine. Age > 48 years, slightly-high cholesterol and triglyceride, extended surgical incision, surgical time window < 48 hours, and combined with smoking history turn out to be the high risk factors for positive hidden blood loss.

Key words: bone, thoracolumbar spine, fracture, hidden blood loss, blood loss, perioperative period, decision tree model, retrospective analysis

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