中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12): 1805-1809.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3777

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

C2椎板螺钉短节段钉棒固定系统中交叉棒与平行棒固定的生物力学比较

邱  锋1,许喜林1,马向阳2,方周群1,江伟城1,田树钊1,郑泽龙1   

  1. 1普宁华侨医院骨科,广东省普宁市   515300;2中国人民解放军南部战区总医院骨科医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市   510010
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-21 修回日期:2020-05-23 接受日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-04-28 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 马向阳,主任医师,博士生导师,中国人民解放军南部战区总医院骨科医院脊柱外科,广东省广州市 510010
  • 作者简介:邱锋,男,1988年生,广东省汕头市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。

Biomechanical comparison of atlantoaxial crossed rod and parallel rod fixation technique for C2 unilateral lamina screws

Qiu Feng1, Xu Xilin1, Ma Xiangyang2, Fang Zhouqun1, Jiang Weicheng1, Tian Shuzhao1, Zheng Zelong1    

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital, Puning 515300, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopaedics Hospital, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-05-21 Revised:2020-05-23 Accepted:2020-06-17 Online:2021-04-28 Published:2020-12-25
  • Contact: Ma Xiangyang, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopaedics Hospital, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, Chin
  • About author:Qiu Feng, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Puning Overseas Chinese Hospital, Puning 515300, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
寰枢椎不稳:创伤、感染、肿瘤、先天及后天畸形均可导致寰枢椎不稳,可进一步导致脊髓损伤,临床上常需要予以外科手术治疗,后路钉棒固定融合是最常用的手术方式。
平行棒固定:寰枢椎后路钉棒固定系统连接棒连接的一种常规方式,即为寰椎左侧螺钉连接枢椎左侧螺钉,寰椎右侧螺钉连接枢椎右侧螺钉。
交叉棒固定:寰枢椎后路钉棒固定系统连接棒连接的一种新型连接方式,即为寰椎左侧螺钉连接枢椎右侧螺钉,寰椎右侧螺钉连接枢椎左侧螺钉。

背景:C1双侧椎弓根螺钉联合C2椎板螺钉组成的短节段钉棒固定系统的生物力学稳定性稍显不足。目前寰枢椎后路钉棒固定通过连接棒的连接形成近似于“Ⅱ”形的固定结构,或为了增强稳定性增加横联形成近似“H”的固形结构。而交叉棒固定方式呈“X”型,由多个三角形结构构成,三角形结构的稳定性最好,有望进一步增强短节段钉棒固定系统的生物力学稳定性。
目的:评价C1双侧椎弓根螺钉联合C2一侧椎板螺钉一侧椎弓根螺钉采用交叉棒固定和平行棒固定的三维生物力学稳定性。
方法:6例新鲜寰枢椎脱位标本,每一例标本均置入C1双侧椎弓根螺钉及C2右侧椎板螺钉、C2左侧椎弓根螺钉。分为3组依次进行观察,不稳组不进行固定,平行棒组采用平行棒连接固定,交叉棒组采用交叉棒连接固定。分别在脊柱三维运动实验机上测量枕枢椎的三维运动范围。
结果与结论:①在屈伸、侧屈、轴向旋转上,交叉棒组及平行棒两种内固定方式均优于不稳组(P < 0.05);②在前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈方向上,交叉棒组稳定性与平行棒组相当(P > 0.05);③在左旋、右旋方向上,交叉棒组稳定性大于平行棒组(P < 0.05);④提示应用C1双侧椎弓根螺钉联合C2一侧椎板螺钉一侧椎弓根螺钉固定时,采用交叉棒方式固定可进一步增强其轴向旋转稳定性。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-7833 (邱锋)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 寰枢椎, 寰枢椎不稳, 内固定, 交叉棒, 平行棒, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The biomechanical stability of the screw-rod fixation system by C1 bilateral pedicle screws and C2 lamina screws was slightly insufficient. Posterior atlantoaxial fixation with screw-rod forms an approximate “II” shape or “H” increasing transverse-link for better stability. Crossed rod, constituted by connecting rods to the contralateral screws, forms an approximate “X” shape. This fixed construct just likes multi-triangles, whose stability is best, may further enhance the stability. 
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the three-dimensional biomechanical stability of the fixation technique for the crossed rod and parallel rod by the C1 bilateral pedicle screws combined with C2 one pedicle screw and the other lamina screw.  
METHODS: Six fresh adult craniocervical specimens were used to test the biomechanical stability. All the specimens were fixed using C1 bilateral pedicle screws and C2 left pedicle screw and right lamina screw. The specimens were observed sequentially in three groups. The unstable group was not fixed. The parallel rod group was fixed by parallel rod connection. The crossed rod group was fixed by the crossed bar connection. The three-dimensional range of motion of the occipital axis was measured on a three-dimensional spinal motion testing machine. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The two internal fixation methods were better in the crossed rod and parallel rod groups than in the unstable group on flexion-extension, lateral bending and left and right axial rotation (P < 0.05). (2) The stability of the crossed rod group was equal to that of the parallel rod group on flexion-extension and lateral bending (P > 0.05). (3) The stability of the crossed rod group was better than that in the parallel rod group on left and right axial rotation (P < 0.05). (4) When the fixation with C1 bilateral pedicle screws and one C2 pedicle screw and the other lamina screw is used, crossed rod fixation can further enhance the axial rotation stability.   


Key words: bone, atlantoaxial, atlantoaxial instability, internal fixation, crossed rod, parallel rod, biomechanics

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