中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 232-236.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2978

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

健美操运动员优势侧与非优势侧膝关节等速肌力测试分析

李  玉1,黄  鹏1,王  宏2,王安利1   

  1. 北京体育大学,1运动医学与康复学院,2艺术学院,北京市   100084
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-20 修回日期:2020-02-28 接受日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2021-01-18 发布日期:2020-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 王安利,博士,教授,博士生导师,北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:李玉,男,1988年生,江苏省沛县人,汉族,北京体育大学在读博士。

Dominant and non-dominant side knee isokinetic characteristics of Chinese calisthenics athletes

Li Yu1, Huang Peng1, Wang Hong2, Wang Anli1    

  1. 1School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2Art School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Revised:2020-02-28 Accepted:2020-04-03 Online:2021-01-18 Published:2020-11-21
  • Contact: Wang Anli, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Li Yu, MD candidate, School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要:

文题释义:
膝关节等速肌力:膝关节作为跳跃动作中压力最大以及缓冲压力的中心关节,膝关节肌力的强弱对运动员表现起着至关重要的作用。采用等速肌力测试对膝关节肌力进行研究,具有测试安全有效、可重复性高及测试结果反馈直接等优点,可快速直接的显示出膝关节屈伸肌群的最大肌力和快速肌力。
肌力特征:是膝关节屈伸肌群的最大肌力和快速肌力的峰力矩、相对峰力矩、屈伸肌峰力矩比(H/Q)的主要特征。计算异侧同名肌比值的定量差异可评价运动员双侧膝关节肌力的对称性。

背景:全面评估膝关节肌力、膝关节屈伸肌力比(H/Q)以及双侧膝关节肌力的对称性有利于预防膝关节损伤。
目的:分析运动员优势侧与非优势侧膝关节肌力特点及双侧肌力的对称性。 
方法:用IsoMed 2000等速测试/训练系统,选取60,180 (°)/s的角速度,对22名健美操运动员(有氧组8名及竞技组14名)膝关节进行等速肌力测试。
结果与结论:①两组运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌峰力矩、屈伸肌相对峰力矩随角速度增加而递减(P < 0.001),H/Q随角速度增加而增加(P < 0.001);②两组对象优势侧屈肌肌力极显著高于非优势侧(P < 0.05),伸肌肌力和H/Q在60 (°)/s角速度时显著高于非优势侧(P < 0.05);③180 (°)/s 时有氧组运动员非优势侧膝关节H/Q高于竞技组(P < 0.05);④60 (°)/s和180 (°)/s时有氧组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均优于非优势侧(P < 0.05),伸肌指标无显著性差异;⑤60 (°)/s和180 (°)/s 时竞技组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均极高于非优势侧(P < 0.05);伸肌峰力矩、相对峰力矩[60 (°)/s]及H/Q[180 (°)/s]显著高于非优势侧(P < 0.05);⑥结果提示,两组对象优势侧和非优势侧膝关节肌力不对称,需加强非优势侧膝关节力量;H/Q较低,膝关节屈伸肌力不均衡,需加强膝关节屈肌力量训练,尤其是快速力量。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-223X (李玉) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 膝, 关节,  优势侧,  对称性,  运动损伤,  预防,  力量训练

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A comprehensive evaluation of knee muscle strength, knee hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H/Q) force ratio, and symmetry of both knee joints is beneficial to preventing knee joint injuries.  

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dominant and non-dominant side isokinetic characteristics of the knee joints of Chinese calisthenics athletes and bilateral symmetry of muscle strength.

METHODS: Knee joints of 22 Chinese calisthenics athletes (aerobics group, n=8; athletics group, n=14) from Chinese national aerobics team were measured using IsoMed2000 at 60 and 180 (°)/s concentric angular speed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The peak torque (PT) and the relative peak torque (PT/BW) of the flexors and extensors of the knee joint in the two groups were significantly decreased with the increase of the angular speed (P < 0.001), and the H/Q ratio significantly increased with the increase of the angular speed (P < 0.001). The dominant leg flexors strength were significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg (P < 0.05), and extensors strength and H/Q of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60 (°)/s (P < 0.05). The H/Q of the non-dominant knee joint in the aerobic group was significantly higher than that in the athletics group at the speed of 180 (°)/s (P < 0.05). In the aerobic group, the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60 (°)/s and 180 (°)/s (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in both side of extensors. In the athletics group, the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg (P < 0.05), the extensors peak torque [60 (°)/s], PT/BW [60 (°)/s] and H/Q [180 (°)/s] of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the muscle force of the dominant and non-dominant knee joints were asymmetric, and the athletes ought to improve the muscle power of the non-dominant knee joint. A lower H/Q indicates imbalance between the flexor and extensor strength of the knee joint, and it is necessary to strengthen the knee flexor strength training, especially the training for fast strength.

Key words: knee,  joint,  dominant side,  symmetry,  sports injury,  prevention,  strength training

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