中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (27): 4305-4309.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2832

• 骨科植入物Orthopedic implants • 上一篇    下一篇

改良膝关节撑开器联合微创经皮钢板固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折

吴  财,罗  田,曾庆虎,彭成忠,廖  涛,王乐乐,曾  钊   

  1. 湖南师范大学附属湘东医院骨科,湖南省醴陵市  412200
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-25 修回日期:2019-12-27 接受日期:2020-02-19 出版日期:2020-09-28 发布日期:2020-09-07
  • 通讯作者: 彭成忠,主任医师,教授,硕士,硕士生导师,湖南师范大学附属湘东医院骨科,湖南省醴陵市 412200
  • 作者简介:吴财,男,1993年生,湖南省醴陵市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事骨与关节方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省教育厅一般基金项目(19C1161)

Modified knee spreader combined with minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation for complex tibial plateau fractures

Wu Cai, Luo Tian, Zeng Qinghu, Peng Chengzhong, Liao Tao, Wang Lele, Zeng Zhao   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Liling 412200, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2019-12-25 Revised:2019-12-27 Accepted:2020-02-19 Online:2020-09-28 Published:2020-09-07
  • Contact: Peng Chengzhong, Chief physician, Professor, Master, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Liling 412200, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Wu Cai, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Liling 412200, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the General Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education, No. 19C1161

摘要:

文题释义:

胫骨平台骨折Schatzker分型:是以X射线片上胫骨平台骨折的型态为依据的,共分为如下6型:型,外侧平台劈裂骨折,无关节面塌陷;型,外侧平台的劈裂塌陷骨折,也是外翻应力合并轴向负荷所致;型,单纯的外侧平台塌陷;型,内侧平台骨折,呈劈裂性或劈裂塌陷性;型,双髁骨折,伴有不同程度的关节面塌陷及移位;型,双髁骨折合并干骺端骨折,常见于高能量损伤或高处坠落。

微创经皮钢板内固定(MIPPO技术):该技术于1997年被提出,特点是避免直接暴露骨折端、维持适当稳定的固定、最大限度地保护骨折区及其周围血供,其一般需要利用肌腱等软组织进行骨折的间接复位。由于其创伤小、术后恢复快已逐渐被广泛使用。

背景:有研究利用长骨撑开器辅助治疗不稳定型胫骨平台骨折取得了满意的疗效,但其使用长骨撑开器的安全性不高,易造成软组织损伤。

目的:对比改良膝关节撑开器联合微创经皮钢板内固定与传统切开复位钢板内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。

方法纳入20161月至20181月湖南师范大学附属湘东医院收治的71例复杂胫骨平台骨折患者,其中男48例,女23例,试验组34例接受改良膝关节撑开器联合微创经皮钢板内固定治疗,对照组37例接受传统切开复位钢板内固定治疗。对比两组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间及术后并发症发生率,术后1个月及末次随访时进行膝关节HSS评分。试验获得湖南师范大学附属湘东医院伦理审查委员会批准。

结果与结论①试验组手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度与住院时间均少于对照组(P < 0.05),两组骨折愈合时间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②试验组术后出现关节僵硬1例与创伤性关节炎1例,对照组术后出现感染1例、关节僵硬5例、创伤性关节炎1例与内固定松动1例,试验组并发症发生率少于对照组(P < 0.05);③71例患者获得10-14个月随访,试验组术后1个月的膝关节功能HSS评分情况明显优于对照组(P < 0.05),两组末次随访的膝关节功能HSS评分情况比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④结果表明与传统切开复位内固定相比,改良膝关节撑开器联合微创经皮钢板内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折可提高手术效率、减少手术创伤、降低术后并发症的发生率,缩短患者住院时间。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7709-5648(吴财)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 复杂胫骨平台骨折, 改良撑开器, 微创经皮钢板内固定, MIPPO技术, 手术治疗, 内固定, 膝关节功能, 并发症

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the adjuvant use of long bone distraction device for unstable tibial plateau fractures achieved satisfactory results, but the safety of its use of long bone distraction device is not high, and the device could easily lead to soft tissue damage.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of modified knee joint spreader combined with minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation and traditional incision reduction plate internal fixation for the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures.

METHODS: A total of 71 patients with complicated tibial plateau fractures admitted to Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University from January 2016 to January 2018 were included, including 48 males and 23 females. The 34 patients in the experimental group received modified knee spreaders combined with minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation treatment. The 37 patients in the control group received traditional open reduction and plate internal fixation. The incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, the time of fracture healing and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Knee HSS scores were assessed at 1 month and at the last follow-up. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiangdong Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, and hospital stay were shorter in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups (P > 0.05). (2) One case of joint stiffness and one case of traumatic arthritis were found in the experimental group. One case of postoperative infection, five cases of joint stiffness, one case of traumatic arthritis and one case of loosening of the internal fixation were found in the control group. The incidence of complications in the experimental group was less than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) Seventy-one patients were followed up for 10-14 months. The knee function HSS score of the experimental group at 1 month after operation was significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the HSS scores during the final follow-up between both groups (P > 0.05). (4) The results showed that compared with the traditional open reduction and internal fixation, the modified knee spreader combined with minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation for complex tibial plateau fractures can improve the operation efficiency, reduce surgical trauma, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and shorten hospital stay for patients. 

Key words: complex tibial plateau fracture, modified spreader, minimally invasive percutaneous plate internal fixation, MIPPO technology, surgical treatment, internal fixation, knee function, complications

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