中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (21): 3353-3357.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2650

• 骨与关节临床实践 clinical practice of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

氨甲环酸控制老年股骨转子间骨折术后隐性失血

余东名1,胡  松2,杨小中2,邹  懿2,陈  勇2,胡  波2,高大新2   

  1. 1川北医学院临床医学系,四川省南充市  637000:2广安市人民医院骨科,四川省广安市  638500
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-04 修回日期:2019-11-13 接受日期:2019-12-13 出版日期:2020-07-28 发布日期:2020-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 高大新,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,广安市人民医院骨科,四川省广安市 638500
  • 作者简介:余东名,男,四川省南充市人,汉族,川北医学院在读硕士,主要从事骨科相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省医学会科研课题(S17034)

Tranexamic acid controls postoperative hidden blood loss in senile intertrochanteric fracture 

Yu Dongming1, Hu Song2, Yang Xiaozhong2, Zou Yi2, Chen Yong2, Hu Bo2, Gao Daxin2   

  1. 1Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an 638500, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2019-11-04 Revised:2019-11-13 Accepted:2019-12-13 Online:2020-07-28 Published:2020-04-17
  • Contact: Gao Daxin, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Guang’an People’s Hospital, Guang’an 638500, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Yu Dongming, Master candidate, Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Medical Association, No. S17034

摘要:

文题释义:

氨甲环酸:作为止血药物在临床上被应用广泛,抑制活性血管肽中蛋白质的降解,减少毛细血管的渗透性,改善抗血管脆性。与此同时,氨甲环酸积聚于细胞外,可稳定血液成分,达到其止血作用。

股骨近端防旋髓内钉:在具体设计方面加工过的股骨近端防旋髓内固定系统,在原有基础上,令固定更有效、手术操作更简单。术后早期可允许患者适当进行下床活动。

背景:老年股骨转子间骨折术后会出现大量隐性出血,减少隐性出血成为急待解决的重要问题。

目的:评估股骨近端防旋髓内钉置入后隐性失血是否受术前静脉滴注氨甲环酸的影响。

方法:选择2018年7月至 2019年7月在广安市人民医院创伤骨科就诊的老年股骨转子间骨折患者82例,均行股骨近端防旋髓内钉置入内固定治疗,根据氨甲环酸使用情况分为2组,每组41例。试验组术前麻醉诱导时,缓慢静脉注射10 mg/kg氨甲环酸;对照组给予等量的生理盐水缓慢静脉输注。术前及术后第1,3,5天均复查血常规,统计血红蛋白量及红细胞压积,理论总失血量可通过Cross方程来计算,同时记录2组输血率及术后血栓并发症发生情况。

结果与结论:①通过统计分析,2组显性出血量相差较小,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②试验组围术期实际失血总量、术后隐性出血量显著低于对照组,经统计分析差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③术后统计试验组输血人数为3例(7%),对照组为8例(24%),2组差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④术后2组患者均无血栓并发症发生;⑤结果表明,氨甲环酸术前静脉滴注可有效减少股骨近端防旋髓内钉置入后隐性失血,同时也不会增加术后血栓发生风险。

ORCID: 0000-0002-2477-8277(余东名)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 氨甲环酸, 老年股骨转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 隐性失血, 血栓

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures, a large amount of hidden bleeding appears after surgery, so reducing hidden bleeding has become an important problem to be solved urgently.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous injection of tranexamic acid on the hidden blood loss after proximal femoral nail antirotation implantation.

METHODS: Eighty-two cases of senile intertrochanteric fractures at Department of Traumatic Orthopedics of Guang’an People’s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 were selected, and all the patients underwent internal fixation with proximal femoral nail antirotation. The patients were allocated into two groups based on usage of tranexamic acid (n=41/group). In trial group, intravenous injection of tranexamic acid (10 mg/kg) was conducted during anesthesia, and control group was given the same volume of normal saline via vein. Blood routine examination was conducted at baseline and 1, 3 and 5 days postoperatively to count the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit. The total blood loss was calculated by Gross equation. The transfusion rate and postoperative incidence of thrombosis were recorded.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the dominant blood loss between two groups (P > 0.05). (2) The perioperative actual total blood loss and postoperative hidden blood loss in the trial group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) Three cases of blood transfusion (7%) in the trial group, and eight cases (24%) in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) No thrombosis occurred in both groups. (5) These findings suggest that preoperative intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid can effectively reduce the hidden blood loss after proximal femoral nail antirotation implantation, and does not increase the risk of postoperative thrombosis.

Key words: tranexamic acid, senile intertrochanteric fracture, proximal femoral nail antirotation implantation, hidden blood loss, thrombosis

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