中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (17): 2686-2693.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2597

• 口腔组织构建 oral tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

低剂量唑来膦酸对去势拔牙大鼠破骨及成骨细胞的影响

程余婷1,伍  超1,黄晓林2,李  芳1,石前会1,周  倩1,洪  伟3,王  永1,廖  健1   

  1. 1贵州医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市  550004;2中山市人民医院口腔分院,广东省中山市  528403;3贵州医科大学分子生物学重点实验室,贵州省贵阳市  550004
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-21 修回日期:2019-08-22 接受日期:2019-09-17 出版日期:2020-06-18 发布日期:2020-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 廖健,博士,副主任医师,贵州医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:程余婷,女,1992年生,汉族,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事口腔修复与种植学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81660179);贵州省科学技术基金([2016]1124,[2014]2026)

Low-dose zoledronic acid regulates osteoclasts and osteoblasts in the extraction socket of ovariectomized rats  

Cheng Yuting1, Wu Chao1, Huang Xiaolin2, Li Fang1, Shi Qianhui1, Zhou Qian1, Hong Wei3, Wang Yong1, Liao Jian1   

  1. 1Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Stomatological Branch of Zhongshan People’s Hospital, Zhongshan 528403, Guangdong Province, China; 3Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2019-08-21 Revised:2019-08-22 Accepted:2019-09-17 Online:2020-06-18 Published:2020-03-28
  • Contact: Liao Jian, MD, Associate chief physician, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Yuting, Master candidate, Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81660179; the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province, No. [2016]1124 and [2014]2026

摘要:

文题释义:

去势大鼠:即通过去势法建立骨质疏松动物模型,该模型建造方法主要有3种:去势法、维甲酸灌胃法和糖皮质激素肌注法,而去势法是目前最常用、最成熟的造模方法,主要是通过去除大鼠双侧卵巢至少3个月,构建骨量少、骨显微结构退化而引起骨脆性增加及骨折发生率升高的一种全身性骨病,即骨质疏松疾病模型。

TUNEL细胞凋亡检测:用于检测细胞在凋亡过程中细胞核DNA的断裂情况,其原理是生物素标记的dUTP在脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶的作用下,可以连接到凋亡细胞中断裂DNA的3’-OH末端,并可与连接辣根过氧化酶的链霉亲和素特异结合,在显色剂DAB的存在下,产生很强的颜色反应(呈深棕色),特异准确定位正在凋亡的细胞。

背景:目前唑来膦酸虽能有效地预防绝经后妇女的骨丢失,但其对下颌骨的影响及其机制尚不清楚。

目的:观察去势大鼠经低剂量唑来膦酸作用后下颌骨组织病理学改变,探讨RANKL/RANK/OPG信号系统在唑来膦酸抑制骨吸收过程中的调控效应与机制。

方法:取36只雌性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和治疗组,后2组大鼠行两侧卵巢切除术,建立骨质疏松模型;对照组行假手术去除同等质量卵巢周围的脂肪。去卵巢3个月后,治疗组皮下一次性注射唑来膦酸20 μg/kg,对照组和模型组皮下注射相应剂量的盐水;用药1周后拔除大鼠左侧下颌磨牙,拔牙后4周麻醉动物取出拔牙侧下颌骨组织。通过影像学X 射线大致观察大鼠拔牙窝剩余牙槽骨状况,苏木精-伊红染色检测下颌骨皮质和骨松质的病理结构改变,TUNEL凋亡实验检测凋亡的成骨细胞数量,利用免疫组织化学技术检测下颌牙槽骨内细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配基(RANKL)、骨保护素、细胞核转录因子(NF-κB)的表达情况,最后Western blot检测核因子κB受体活化因子配基、细胞核转录因子蛋白的表达。

结果与结论:①拔牙4周后,治疗组相较模型组牙槽骨骨吸收减少,拔牙窝底有新骨形成;②苏木精-伊红染色可见,模型组的骨皮质变薄,骨小梁结构变细,甚至出现断裂,大量骨吸收陷窝,成骨细胞较少;治疗组骨皮质增厚,骨小梁结构正常,只有少量骨吸收陷窝,成骨细胞增多;③治疗组的成骨细胞凋亡数目显著低于模型组(P < 0.001);④免疫组织化学染色可见,治疗组RANKL蛋白、NF-KB p65蛋白表达显著低于模型组(P < 0.001,P < 0.002),骨保护素蛋白表达显著高于模型组(P < 0.001);⑤Western Blot结果显示,与对照组相比较,模型组的RANKL、NF-κB蛋白高表达,治疗组其表达量显著降低(均P < 0.001);⑥结果说明,唑来膦酸可通过下调细胞核转录因子信号通路抑制破骨细胞的分化,同时调控成骨细胞的凋亡。

ORCID: 0000-0002-0300-0460(程余婷)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 唑来膦酸, 去势大鼠, 骨质疏松症, 牙槽骨, 核因子κB信号通路, 核因子κB 受体活化因子配体

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Although zoledronic acid can effectively prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women, its effect and mechanism on the mandible are not clarified.

OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological and pathological changes of mandibular tissue in ovariectomized rats treated with low-dose zoledronic acid and to investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling system in the inhibition of bone resorption by zoledronic acid.

METHODS: Thirty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into control, model and treatment groups. Animal models of osteoporosis were made by bilateral ovariectomy in the latter two groups, while the same amount of lipid tissues surrounding the ovary was removed in the control group. Three weeks after ovariectomy, the rats in the treatment group were given subcutaneous injection of 20 μg/kg zoledronic acid. The corresponding doses of saline were injected subcutaneously in the control and model groups. One week after treatment, the left mandibular molars were extracted from all the rats, and the rats’ jaws were separated and removed at 4 weeks after tooth extraction for detection. The residual alveolar bone of the extracted socket was observed by X-ray. The pathological changes of the mandibular cortex and cancellous bone were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The number of apoptotic osteoblasts was detected by TUNEL apoptosis test. The expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) in the mandibular alveolar bone were detected by immunohistochemical technique. Western blot was finally used to detect the expression of RANKL and NF-κB at protein levels.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 4 week after tooth extract, subcutaneous injection of 20 μg/kg zoledronic acid effectively inhibited alveolar bone resorption and promoted new bone formation at the extraction socket. (2) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that: in the model group, the cortical bone was thinned, and the trabecular bone was thinned and even ruptured. There were a large number of bone resorption lacunae but few osteoblasts in the model group. In the treatment group, the cortical bone was thickened and the trabecular bone had normal structure, with only a small amount of bone resorption lacunae and increased number of osteoblasts. (3) The number of apoptotic osteoblasts was significantly lower in the treatment group than the model group (P < 0.001). (4) Immunohistochemical staining results showed significantly decreased RANKL and NF-κB protein expressions (P < 0.001, P < 0.002) and significantly increased osteoprotegerin level (P < 0.001) in the treatment group than the model group. (5) Western blot results revealed that the protein expressions of RANKL and NF-κB in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and treatment with zoledronic acid significantly reduced these protein levels (both P < 0.001). To conclude, zoledronic acid could inhibit the differentiation of osteoclasts by down-regulating the NF-κB signal pathway and meanwhile regulate the apoptosis of osteoblasts.

Key words: zoledronic acid, ovariectomized rat, osteoporosis, alveolar bone, NF-κB signaling pathway, RANKL

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