中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (11): 1708-1713.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2481

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

高强度间歇运动可改善大鼠的心肺耐力

杨中亚1,苏  浩2,王  继1,张一民2,孔振兴2,张  娟3,张  龙1   

  1. 1六盘水师范学院体育学院,贵州省六盘水市  553004;2北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室,北京市  100084;3集美大学,福建省厦门市  361021
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-16 修回日期:2019-04-22 接受日期:2019-07-10 出版日期:2020-04-18 发布日期:2020-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 苏浩,博士,副教授,北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:杨中亚,男,1990年生,河南省杞县人,2017年北京体育大学毕业,硕士,讲师,主要从事运动生理学/运动与体质健康促进研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2018]368);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2015SYS014/2015SYS011/2015SYS012);北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室支持课题

High-intensity interval training improves cardiorespiratory endurance in rats

Yang Zhongya1, Su Hao2, Wang Ji1, Zhang Yimin2, Kong Zhenxing2, Zhang Juan3, Zhang Long1   

  1. 1College of Physical Education, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Education Department, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 3JiMei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2019-04-16 Revised:2019-04-22 Accepted:2019-07-10 Online:2020-04-18 Published:2020-02-28
  • Contact: Su Hao, PhD, Associate professor, Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Education Department, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Yang Zhongya, Master, Lecturer, College of Physical Education, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Young Talent Growth Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, No. KY[2018]368; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No. 2015SYS014/2015SYS011/2015SYS012; the Project of Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health of Beijing Sport University

摘要:

文题释义:
高强度间歇训练(HIIT):是一种高效的心肺功能训练方式,由持续时间短、强度大的高强度运动期和低强度主动恢复期交替进行。高强度间歇训练的最大的特点是反复进行接近最大摄氧量(≥90%VO2 max)的大强度训练,通常要求参与者全力以赴。
心肺耐力:是体质健康的核心要素,最大摄氧量(VO2 max)是评定心肺耐力及运动能力最直接有效的客观指标。

背景:最大摄氧量(VO2 max)是评定心肺耐力及运动能力最直接有效的客观指标,但目前研究中反映大鼠较长时间最大摄氧量变化数据的文章较少,尚未见有关高强度间歇训练对大鼠增龄过程中心肺耐力持续变化影响的相关报道。

目的:探讨16周高强度间歇训练对大鼠心肺耐力的改善作用,并通过对29周龄大鼠最大摄氧量持续16周测定,为实验动物训练强度的量化提供数据参考。

方法:将28只29周龄雄性Wistar大鼠分为2组:安静对照组大鼠正常饮食生活,无训练;高强度间歇训练组大鼠进行高强度(90%最大摄氧量)、低强度(50%最大摄氧量)的间歇运动,为期16周,每周5次,平均每2周测定最大摄氧量、完成最大摄氧量测试对应的最大跑速变化,并针对2组大鼠最大摄氧量和最大跑速值进行对比及相关分析。实验经北京体育大学运动科学实验伦理委员会批准(2015025)。

结果与结论:①29-45周龄增龄过程中最大摄氧量出现下降-上升-下降波动,16周后,高强度间歇训练组大鼠最大摄氧量下降了31.6%,安静对照组大鼠最大摄氧量下降了47.9%,高强度间歇训练组大鼠最大摄氧量显著高于安静对照组(P < 0.01);②干预6,8,16周时高强度间歇训练组最大摄氧量下降幅度显著低于安静对照组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);③干预4,8周时高强度间歇训练组最大跑速值显著高于安静对照组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);④最大摄氧量与最大跑速的相对值呈正相关;⑤结果说明,年龄的增加是大鼠心肺耐力下降的不可逆因素,但高强度间歇训练可延缓心肺耐力下降趋势;高强度间歇训练干预6周后可明显降低大鼠因增龄导致的心肺耐力下降幅度,8周后可有效延缓大鼠因增龄导致的心肺耐力下降;高强度间歇训练干预4周后大鼠最大跑速提高,运动能力增强。

ORCID: 0000-0003-2265-4403(杨中亚)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


关键词: 心肺耐力, 最大摄氧量, 增龄变化, 高强度间歇运动, 大鼠, 年龄

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is the most direct, effective and objective index for determining cardiorespiratory endurance and exercise capacity, but there are few studies on the varying data of VO2 max in rats for a long time. In addition, the effect of high-intensity interval training on the cardiorespiratory endurance in rats during age increasing has not yet been reported.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the improvement of 16-week high-intensity interval training on the cardiorespiratory endurance in rats, and to continuously measure the VO2 max for 16 weeks in 29-week-old rats, so as to provide data reference for the precise control of training intensity.

METHODS: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats aged 29 weeks old were randomly assigned into a quiet control group (normal feeding, no training) and a high-intensity interval training group. The latter group underwent the interval exercise of high-intensity (90% VO2 max) and low-intensity (50% VO2 max), 5 times per week, for 16 weeks. The VO2 max and corresponding maximal running velocity were tested and compared every 2 weeks. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sports Science and Physical Health Education Department, Beijing Sport University, with the approval No. 2015025.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) With the increasing age from 29 to 45 weeks, the VO2 max fluctuated down-up-down. After 16 weeks of exercise, the VO2max was decreased by 31.6% in the high-intensity interval training group and 47.9% in the quiet control group. The VO2 max in the high-intensity interval training group was significantly higher than that in the quiet control group (P < 0.01). (2) The decrease of VO2 max in the high-intensity interval training group was significantly lower than that in the quiet control group at 6, 8, and 16 weeks (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) The increase of maximal running velocity in the high-intensity interval training group was significantly higher than that in the quiet control group at 4 and 8 weeks (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (4) The maximal running velocity was positively correlated with VO2 max in rats. (5) These results suggest that age increasing is an irreversible factor, and high-intensity interval training can alleviate the decrease of cardiorespiratory endurance. Six-week high-intensity interval training can significantly improve the decrease of cardiorespiratory endurance in rats due to age increasing. Eight-week high-intensity interval training can significantly delay the decrease of cardiorespiratory endurance in rats due to age increasing. Four-week high-intensity interval training can promote the value of maximal running velocity and improve sports ability. 

Key words: cardiorespiratory endurance, VO2 max, age increasing, high-intensity interval training, rats, age

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