中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 67-72.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2151

• 干细胞培养与分化 stem cell culture and differentiation • 上一篇    下一篇

高纯度大鼠下颌骨来源间充质干细胞的分离、培养及生物学特性

程兵坤1,2,3,梁建飞3,秦东泽3,程子绪1,赵云转1   

  1. 1河北医科大学第二医院口腔颌面外科,河北省石家庄市   050000;2邯郸市中心医院口腔科,河北省邯郸市   056000;3解放军第四军医大学口腔医院颌面外科,军事口腔医学国家重点实验室,陕西省西安市   710032
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-18 修回日期:2020-02-26 接受日期:2020-04-03 出版日期:2021-01-08 发布日期:2020-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 赵云转,博士,副教授,副主任医师,硕士生导师,河北医科大学第二医院口腔颌面外科,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 作者简介:程兵坤,男,1988年生,河北省肥乡县人,汉族,2017年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事骨发育和种植体表面处理相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81371186);河北省自然科学基金项目(H2020109157)

Isolation, culture and biological characteristics of high-purity orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells of the rats

Cheng Bingkun1, 2, 3, Liang Jianfei3, Qin Dongze3, Cheng Zixu1, Zhao Yunzhuan1   

  1. 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Stomatology, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, China; 3State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-18 Revised:2020-02-26 Accepted:2020-04-03 Online:2021-01-08 Published:2020-11-19
  • Contact: Zhao Yunzhuan, MD, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Bingkun, Master, Physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China; Department of Stomatology, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81371186; the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, No. H2020109157 

摘要:

文题释义:
间充质干细胞:是一种多能干细胞,它具有干细胞的所有共性,既可以不断地自我更新,又可在特定条件下转变成为一种或多种构成人体组织或器官的细胞。间充质干细胞不仅存在于骨髓中,也存在于骨骼肌、骨外膜和骨小梁中,因此采用胶原酶消化骨片(密质骨+松质骨)可分离间充质干细胞。
下颌骨:位于面下部,呈弓形,其水平部分为下颌体,垂直部分为下颌支,不规则,围成口腔的前壁和侧壁,是面部唯一能活动的骨骼。下颌骨表层为骨密质,内部为骨松质,且其骨质较致密,血供较差,因此下颌骨单纯采用全骨髓贴壁培养法很难提取足够的间充质干细胞。

背景:以募集颌骨来源间充质干细胞来修复颌骨骨缺损这种新观点逐渐被广泛认可,但目前对颌骨来源间充质干细胞的研究相对较少,主要由于颌骨来源间充质干细胞分离困难。
目的:建立大鼠下颌骨来源间充质干细胞的体外分离、培养方法,并观察研究其相关生物学特性。
方法:解剖分离大鼠下颌骨,剥离表面附着肌肉后剪碎,用Ⅱ型胶原酶消化疏松密质骨,利用间充质干细胞的迁徙和贴壁生长能力分离下颌骨间充质干细胞。采用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态;流式细胞仪检测细胞表面抗原;MTT法检测细胞增殖情况并绘制细胞生长曲线;克隆形成实验计算克隆形成率;成骨、成脂诱导实验研究细胞的多向分化潜能。
结果与结论:胶原酶消化骨片培养法分离的细胞阳性表达CD29、CD44、Sca-1,阴性表达CD31、CD34和CD45;细胞增殖能力检测提示下颌骨间充质干细胞生长经历了潜伏期、对数生长期和平台期,具有较强的增殖能力;细胞克隆形成率达20%且处于DNA合成期的细胞占52.5%;成骨、成脂诱导后行茜素红和油红O染色均呈阳性,表明该细胞具有多向分化潜能。结果表明胶原酶消化骨片培养法可从大鼠下颌骨分离足量、高纯度的下颌骨间充质干细胞,且该细胞具有较强的增殖和成骨分化能力,为以种植体骨缺损修复为代表的颌骨骨组织工程提供充足的种子细胞来源。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-5986(程兵坤) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 间充质干细胞, 下颌骨, Ⅱ型胶原酶, 增殖, 分化, 骨, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It is widely accepted to recruit mesenchymal stem cells from the jaws to repair the defects of the jaws. However, there are relatively few researches on orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells, mainly due to the difficulty in separating mesenchymal stem cells from the jaws. 
OBJECTIVE: To establish the methods of in vitro isolation and culture of rat orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells and observe and study its related biological characteristics.  
METHODS: The mandibles of rats were dissected. The attached muscles were stripped and cut into pieces. Cortical bone was loosened by digesting with collagenase II. The migration and adherent growth ability of mesenchymal stem cells was used to isolate orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope. Surface markers of the cell were detected by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay and cell growth curve was drawn. Fibroblast colony forming rate was calculated by colony formation. Osteogenic and lipogenic induction experiments were conducted to study the multi-directional differentiation potential of cells. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cells isolated by collagenase digestion and bone slice culture were positive for CD29, CD44 and Sca-1, and negative for CD31, CD34 and CD45. Cell proliferation test showed that the growth curves of orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibited incubation period, logarithmic phase and platform period. In addition, the cells had a strong ability of proliferation, and the cell clone formation rate was 20% and the cells in DNA synthesis stage accounted for 52.5%. Alizarin red and oil red O staining showed positive reaction after osteogenic and lipogenic induction, indicating that the cells have the potential of multi-directional differentiation. It is concluded that the method of bone fragment culture after digestion with collagenase II could separate orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells sufficiently and purely. Besides, the orofacial-bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells show strong proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capacities. Thus, it provides abundant source of seed cells for bone tissue engineering of maxillofacial represented by bone defects repairing of implants.

Key words: stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, mandible, type II collagenase, proliferation, differentiation, bone, rat

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