中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (24): 3839-3844.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.24.012

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

不同麻醉方式下经皮针刺旋切制备椎间盘退变模型

赖居易1,何升华1,孙志涛1,王业广1,王 建1,冯华龙2,黄飞强2   

  1. 1深圳市中医院骨三科,广东省深圳市 518000;2广州中医药大学第四临床医学院,广东省深圳市 518000
  • 修回日期:2017-03-28 出版日期:2017-08-28 发布日期:2017-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 何升华,硕士,主任医师,研究生导师,深圳市中医院骨三科,广东省深圳市 518000
  • 作者简介:赖居易,男,1989年生,江西省赣州市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事脊柱外科的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20150401163247232);深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(201401066);广东省科技厅(自筹项目)(2015[110号]);广东省中医药局项目(20162126)

Preparation of intervertebral disc degeneration models by percutaneous acupuncture rotary-cut under different anesthesia methods

Lai Ju-yi1, He Sheng-hua1, Sun Zhi-tao1, Wang Ye-guang1, Wang Jian1, Feng Hua-long2, Huang Fei-qiang2   

  1. 1Third Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Revised:2017-03-28 Online:2017-08-28 Published:2017-08-30
  • Contact: He Sheng-hua, Master, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Third Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Lai Ju-yi, Master, Third Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen City, No. JCYJ20150401163247232; the Science Research Program of Health and Family Planning System of Shenzhen City, No. 201401066; the Self-Financing Project of Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province, No. 2015[110]; the Project of Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 20162126

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
腰椎间盘退变:
1934年Mixter等开始直观地认为,突出的腰椎间盘进入硬膜腔后,直接压迫并刺激神经根,是引发坐骨神经痛等症状的基础。从此,机械性压迫一直是被公认的原因。但研究发现,机械性致痛原理并不能完全囊括该病变的病理生理变化。椎间盘退变与突出过程中的炎症因素包含于机械因素中而起作用,产生腰背痛及下肢神经症状,这样同时也就能够解释为何皮质类固醇激素等药物对该类疾病有一定的治疗作用。目前,虽然尚不能完全确定髓核组织中具体是那一类组织成分或是化学因子导致炎症反应,但普遍认为磷脂酶A2的存在及其活性的改变也是发生腰椎间盘病变的重要因素。
纤维环:位于椎间盘的周缘部,由纤维软骨组成,纤维环的纤维在椎体间斜行,在横切面上排列成同心环状,相邻环的纤维具有相反的斜度,而相互交叉。

 

摘要
背景:
研究发现,不同的麻醉方式对大鼠的平均动脉压、收缩压和舒张压、动脉血pH值以及血液黏度均有明显的影响,但当前针对采用何种麻醉方法进行制备动物模型并未达成一致。
目的:比较采用局部麻醉及全身麻醉方式下经皮针刺旋切制备的兔椎间盘退变模型的有效性。 
方法:将48只新西兰大白兔按随机分为局麻组和全麻组,局麻组采用0.5%利多卡因麻醉,全麻组动物予以腹腔注射体积分数3%戊巴比妥钠(30 mg/kg),2组均采用经皮微创针刺旋切兔L4/5、L5/6椎间盘建立椎间盘退变模型。观察2组动物的造模时间,并于造模后4,8,12,16周通过大体观察及MRI检测、组织病理学检查评价椎间盘退变情况。
结果与结论:①大体观察:造模后2组髓核组织颜色逐渐暗且弹性降低;②MRI显示T2 加权像椎间盘信号强度早期均未见明显改变,但信号强度随时间延长呈减弱趋势;③根据Pfirrmann分级法评价椎间盘退变程度:2组动物椎间盘退变程度均随时间延长逐渐加重(P < 0.05),2组术后各时间点椎间盘退变程度差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④Masson染色显示:造模后8,12周2组纤维环均出现不同程度排列不规整,但结构仍完整,16周后2组纤维环排列紊乱,甚至出现断裂现象,2组间无明显差异;⑤番红O染色示:2组造模后4周髓核细胞均未见明显减少,造模后16周2组髓核细胞均明显减少;⑥造模时间:局麻组平均(15.24± 2.67) min明显要短于全麻组(25.64±6.85) min(P < 0.05);⑦结果说明,采用局麻和全麻方法经皮微创针刺旋切椎间盘均可成功建立椎间盘退变模型,但是在微创制备兔椎间盘退变模型中采用局麻具有操作时间更短、操作更简单的优点,且其造模效果与采用全身麻醉几乎相同。

 

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 脊柱退变, 椎间盘, 体外模型, 动物模型, 兔, 微创, 麻醉, 针刺

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Different anesthesia methods significantly impact mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, arterial blood pH and blood viscosity, but what kind of anesthesia method is more suitable for preparation of animal model does not reach an agreement.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of local anesthesia and general anesthesia for preparation of rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration model in procession of percutaneous acupuncture rotary cut.
METHODS: A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the local anesthesia group and the general anesthesia group. The local anesthesia group was anesthetized with 0.5% lidocaine. The general anesthesia group was intraperitoneally injected with 3% sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg). In the two groups, models of intervertebral disc degeneration were established by minimally invasive percutaneous acupuncture rotary cut at L4/5, L5/6 levels. Modeling time was observed in both groups. Disc degeneration was evaluated by the gross observation, MRI detection, and histopathological examination at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after modeling.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) General observation: the nucleus pulposus gradually with darker color and elasticity reduced in two groups after modeling. (2) MRI T2-weighted image results showed no significant changes in disc signal intensity at early stage, but the signal strength showed a decreasing trend with time. (3) Disc degeneration was evaluated according to Pfirrmann grading. Disc degeneration was gradually increased with time in two groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference at postoperative time points in both groups (P > 0.05). (4) Masson staining showed that different degrees of annulus irregular arrangement appear in the two groups 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, but the structure was still intact. 16 weeks later, annulus disorganized, or even breakage in the two groups; no significant difference was detected between the two groups. (5) Safranin O staining showed that nucleus pulposus cells were not significantly reduced in the two groups at 4 weeks, but were significantly reduced at 16 weeks. (6) The average modeling time of local anesthesia group [(15.24±2.67) minutes] was significantly shorter than that in the general anesthesia group [(25.64±6.85) minutes] (P < 0.05). These results indicate that intervertebral disc degeneration model can be successfully established by minimally invasive percutaneous acupuncture rotary cut by using local anesthesia and general anesthesia; however, local anesthesia has a shorter operating time and simple anesthetic procedure. The efficacy was identical between the two methods. 

 

Key words: Spine, Intervertebral Disk, Models, Animal, Anesthesia, Acupuncture

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