中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (23): 3670-3675.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.23.011

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮穿刺加压植入骨棒骨粉椎体成形治疗胸腰椎体压缩性骨折:恢复伤椎结构完整性和稳定性

林玉江,杨利民,杨 健   

  1. 青岛市市立医院东院脊柱外科,山东省青岛市 266011
  • 出版日期:2017-08-18 发布日期:2017-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 杨利民,硕士,主任医师,青岛市市立医院东院脊柱外科,山东省青岛市 266011
  • 作者简介:林玉江,男,1982年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,2008年复旦大学医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科的研究。

Percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with granulated allogeneic bone grafting for thoracolumbar compressive fractures: the completeness and stability of fractured vertebrae  

Lin Yu-jiang, Yang Li-min, Yang Jian   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2017-08-18 Published:2017-09-01
  • Contact: Yang Li-min, Master, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Lin Yu-jiang, Master, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
 
文题释义:
经皮穿刺椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP):是指经皮通过椎弓根或椎弓根外向椎体内注入骨水泥以达到增加椎体强度和稳定性,防止塌陷,缓解疼痛,甚至部分恢复椎体高度为目的一种微创脊椎外科技术。
腰椎压缩性骨折生物力学机制:正常人的椎体主要由彼此纵横交叉的小梁骨构成。当外力作用于脊柱,产生的压缩力通过椎间盘传导到椎体终板,由小梁骨中心向四周发散,在椎体内部形成应力。如果应力超过小梁骨强度耐受的范围,小梁骨的结构就会被破坏,失去稳定性,局部的裂隙进一步发展就会发生椎体骨折。
 
摘要
背景:经皮穿刺椎体成形目前主要被应用于老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折的患者,而对于中青年椎体压缩骨折的患者,主要应用椎弓根螺钉内固定技术,但其存在创伤大、断钉、二次手术等问题。
目的:观察经皮穿刺骨粉加压植入椎体成形修复胸腰椎体压缩性骨折的临床效果。
方法:选取21例胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者,行经皮穿刺骨粉加压植入椎体成形,术前计算需植骨量,统计手术时间及出血量,观察患者治疗前后的疼痛程度、以及治疗前、后椎体高度比及Cobb角情况。

结果与结论:①与治疗前比较,治疗后1 d及治疗后6个月疼痛目测类比评分显著降低(P < 0.05);②与治疗前比较,治疗后1 d及治疗后6个月伤椎前缘高度比显著增大(P < 0.05);③与治疗前比较,治疗后1 d及治疗后6个月椎体Cobb角度显著减小(P < 0.05);④手术时间平均为(52.0±12.3) min,术中出血量平均为(11.5±1.5) mL;⑤结果说明,经皮穿刺骨粉加压植入椎体成形可以有效地恢复伤椎前缘高度,消除伤椎内的空腔, 恢复伤椎的结构完整性和稳定性;最大程度的保留脊柱的运动功能,是一种治疗胸腰段椎体骨折的有效的微创手术方法。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-5507-6545(林玉江)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 胸腰椎压缩性骨折, 经皮穿刺, 骨粉加压植骨, 椎体成形术, 微创

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty is mainly used to treat senile osteoporotic compressive fractures, while for young patients, pedicle screw internal fixation is usually applied, but heavy trauma, nail broken, secondary surgery and other problems can be found occasionally. 

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with granulated allogeneic bone grafting for thoracolumbar compressive fractures. 
METHODS: Twenty-one patients suffering thoracolumbar compressive fractures were recruited, and underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with granulated allogeneic bone grafting. The Visual Analogue Scale scores, height ratio of fractured vertebrae and Cobb angle were detected before and after surgery. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with baseline, the Visual Analogue Scale scores were improved significantly at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). (2) The height ratio of fractured vertebrae at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively was significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.05). (3) The Cobb angle of fractured vertebrae at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively was significantly less than that before treatment (P < 0.05). (4) The mean operation time was (52±12.3) minutes, and the mean blood loss was (11.5±1.5) mL. (5) These results suggest that percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with granulated allogeneic bone grafting can effectively restore the anterior fractured vertebral height, eliminate the cavity in the fractured vertebrae, renew the completeness and stabilization of the fractured vertebrae, which keep the spinal range of motion; therefore, it is a minimal invasive method in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Spinal Fractures, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Tissue Engineering

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