中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (19): 3080-3087.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.19.020

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

单髁置换治疗膝关节前内侧单间室骨性关节炎

苏 军,孙长英   

  1. 长治医学院附属和平医院骨科,山西省长治市  046000
  • 出版日期:2017-07-08 发布日期:2017-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 孙长英,博士,主任医师,长治医学院附属和平医院骨科,山西省长治市 046000
  • 作者简介:苏军,男,1981年生,江西省九江市人,2016年毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事关节外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    山西省重点研发项目(201603D321064),项目名称:感染性疾病临床研究——利用基因修饰技术敲除超级细菌耐药基因治疗耐药菌骨感染

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty treats anteromedial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee  

Su Jun, Sun Chang-ying   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical University, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
  • Online:2017-07-08 Published:2017-08-10
  • Contact: Sun Chang-ying, M.D., Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical University, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Su Jun, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Heping Hospital of Changzhi Medical University, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province, No. 201603D321064

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



文题释义:
膝关节单髁置换:指仅对膝关节早期单间室骨性关节炎进行单侧病变间室表面置换,用以替代膝关节胫股关节破坏的软骨表面。该手术通过小切口入路置入单髁假体,具有手术创伤少、术后感染、关节僵硬及截肢发生率低,术后无需输血、恢复快、术后关节本体感觉存在等优点。
膝关节单间室骨性关节炎:是一种以关节软骨变性、丢失及关节边缘和软骨下骨骨质生后为特征的慢性退行性疾病,本病多发生于中老年人,病变可累计单间室和多间室,早期以单间室病变为主,内侧间室更为多见的疾病。
 
摘要
背景:膝关节单髁置换始于20世纪70年代,早期曾由于术后返修率高而一度被关节外科医生所否定。目前治疗膝关节早期单间室骨性关节炎的方法有膝关节单髁置换、全膝关节置换胫骨高位截骨术和腓骨截断术等。经近几年大量的文献报道及回顾性研究证实膝关节单髁置换在治疗膝关节单间室骨性关节炎疗效肯定,并较其他手术方式具有独特的优势。
目的:综述单髁置换治疗膝关节前内侧单间室骨性关节炎适应证、禁忌证、手术曲线、手术过程、技术要点及临床疗效等方面的现状及研究进展。
方法:第一作者检索至2006年3月至2016年9月为止 PubMed数据(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)及CNKI中国期刊全文数据库(http://www.cnki.net/),以“Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, knee, osteoarthritis,clinical application”为英文检索词,“单髁置换,膝关节,骨性关节炎”为中文检索词,总计中英文文献95篇,40篇文献符合纳入标准。
结果与结论:膝关节单髁置换仅对膝关节早期单间室骨性关节炎进行单侧病变间室表面置换,用以替代膝关节胫股关节破坏的软骨表面并具有创伤少、恢复快、并发症少、术后关节本体感觉存在及患者接受度高的优点。但由于其患者选择要求较高,其手术适应证范围较全膝关节置换狭窄而限制其手术的开展;同时全膝关节置换手术技术较成熟,远其疗效肯定。膝关节单髁置换在国内开展相对较晚,开展范围还不是很普遍,其远期临床疗效有待于进一步临床验证。但如果能准确的把握手术适应证,选择合适的患者,精心的术前准备、熟练的手术操作临床效果还是令人满意的。随着假体和器械设计的改进,手术技术的进步膝关节单髁置换应用于膝关节前内侧间室骨性关节炎具有广阔的前景。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-2504-1090(苏军)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 单髁置换, 膝关节, 单间室, 骨性关节炎

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) began in the early 1970s, which was once negated due to high postoperative repair rate. The methods for early unicompartment osteoarthritis of the knee include UKA, total knee arthroplasty, high tibial osteotomy and fibular truncation. A large number of retrospective studies and literatures have pointed that UKA is effective for unicompartment osteoarthritis of the knee and holds unique advantages.

OBJECTIVE: To review the status and research progress of UKA for anteromedial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee in view of indications, contraindications, operation curve, operation process and main technical points and clinical efficacy.
METHODS: The first author retrieved the databases of PubMed and CNKI from March 2006 to September 2016 using the keywords of “unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, knee, osteoarthritis, clinical application” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 95 literatures were searched, and 40 eligible articles were included in accordance with the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Only unilateral lesion (the degenerative cartilage surface of tibiofemoral joint) is replaced in UKA to treat early unicompartment osteoarthritis of the knee, which exhibits less trauma, rapid recovery, few complications, and normal postoperative proprioception of joint and high patient acceptance. Because of its narrow surgical indications, UKA application has been restricted compared with total knee arthroplasty. Indeed, total knee arthroplasty is matureand, and its long-term curative effect is clear. In contrast, UKA is carried out late in China, has not been popularized, and the long-term clinical efficacy remains to be verified further. But if we can accurately grasp the operation indications, choose appropriate patients, make careful preoperative preparation, and master mature skills, the clinical effect will be satisfactory. With the development of prosthesis, equipment design and operation technology, UKA will be prevailed in the treatment of anteromedial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Knee Joint, Osteoarthritis, Prosthesis Implantation, Tissue Engineering

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