中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (15): 2424-2431.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.15.023

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人Ⅱ型齿突骨折治疗:手术还是保守?

杜诗尧,倪 斌   

  1. 解放军第二军医大学附属长征医院骨科,上海市 200003
  • 出版日期:2017-05-28 发布日期:2017-06-07
  • 通讯作者: 倪斌,解放军第二军医大学附属长征医院骨科,上海市 200003
  • 作者简介:杜诗尧,男,1987年生,辽宁省兴城市人,汉族,2017年解放军第二军医大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81472127)

Type ll odontoid fractures in the elderly: surgical or conservative method?

Du Shi-yao, Ni Bin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Online:2017-05-28 Published:2017-06-07
  • Contact: Ni Bin, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • About author:Du Shi-yao, Master, Physician, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Supported by:

    the General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81472127

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

  
 
 
文题释义:
老年人齿突骨折:老年人容易发生颈椎损伤,其中上颈椎损伤占50%以上。老年人的颈椎骨折往往会危及生命,报道称伴有创伤性脊髓损伤的老年病患住院死亡率及1年死亡率较其他病患高达8倍以上。青壮年人群中高能创伤(如车祸伤)是主要的致伤原因,而在老龄人群中,低能碰撞(如跌伤)通常是导致齿状突骨折的常见原因。
寰枢椎后路融合术:寰枢椎脱位或不稳可导致脊髓或神经损伤,大部分需要外科手术干预。临床上多采用后路寰枢椎融合术重建寰枢椎的稳定性。后路寰枢椎融合术式繁多,如Gallie法、Brooks法、Halifax椎板钩系统、Apofix椎板夹系统、Magerl经关节间隙螺钉技术、C1-C2椎弓根或侧块技术等。后路融合视野好,显露方便,对多数寰枢椎脱位或不稳者是行之有效的方法。
 
摘要
背景:老年人上颈椎损伤易导致严重的神经功能损伤,而随着社会的发展,其发生率逐年增高,而目前关于老年人Ⅱ型齿突骨折的诊断、治疗仍存在诸多争议。
目的:拟对老年人Ⅱ型齿突骨折的分类、治疗方法及不同方法之间的疗效作一综述。
方法:计算机检索PubMed数据库和中国万方全文数据库1996年1月至2016年7月有关Ⅱ型齿突骨折老年患者诊断与治疗的临床与基础实验研究,检索关键词分别为“odontoid fracture,elderly,treatment,conservative,surgical”和“齿状突骨折,老年,治疗,保守,手术”,以及早期相关研究的经典文章。
结果与结论:①Ⅱ型齿突骨折老年患者与年轻患者治疗目标不尽相同;②保守治疗的齿状突骨不连概率高于手术治疗,但对于老年患者,并不影响临床结局;③文献报道的老年Ⅱ型齿突骨折患者并发症发生率及死亡率,保守与手术治疗无明显差别;④对于身体基础条件无法满足开放手术要求,或者合并其他严重心肺疾病,以及无法耐受保守治疗的Ⅱ型齿突骨折老年患者,可以考虑微创手术。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-9142-5175(杜诗尧)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, Ⅱ型齿突骨折, 保守治疗, 外科治疗, 微创, 老年人, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Upper cervical spine fractures are easy to lead to severe neurologic dysfunction in the elderly, and along with social progress, the incidence is on the rise. However, the diagnosis and treatment of type ll odontoid fractures in senile patients remain controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To review the classification, treatment methods and clinical outcomes of type ll odontoid fractures in elderly patients.
METHODS: A computer-based online search was performed in the PubMed and Wanfang databases for the articles concerning the diagnosis and treatment of type ll odontoid fractures in the elderly published from January 1996 to July 2016. The keywords were “odontoid fracture, elderly, treatment, conservative, surgical” in English and Chinese, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The treatment goals of type ll odontoid fractures are different between elderly and young patients. (2) The incidence of nonunion in the conservative approach is higher than that in the surgical treatment, but for elderly patients, it makes no difference. (3) No significant differences are found in the incidence of complications and mortality between conservative and surgical methods in the elderly with type ll odontoid fractures. (4) Minimally invasive surgery is commended for the elderly suffering type ll fractures who cannot tolerate the conservative approach due to poor conditions or accompanied with other serious heart and lung diseases.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Cervical Vertebrae, Odontoid Process, Fractures, Bone, Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive, Tissue Engineering

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