中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (44): 6590-6598.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.44.008

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

桥接外固定架联合克氏针与掌侧锁定钢板修复桡骨远端不稳定型骨折的比较

廉志明1,杨 晶2,张太良1,马 创1,刘 强3,杨广忠1   

  1. 新疆医科大学第一附属医院,1显微修复重建外科,3关节外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054;2新疆医科大学第五附属医院骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054
  • 修回日期:2016-09-07 出版日期:2016-10-28 发布日期:2016-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 杨广忠,硕士,主任医师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨科中心显微修复重建外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:廉志明,男,1988年生,河南省洛阳市人,汉族,新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨科在读硕士,主要从事四肢创伤与修复重建研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81560350)

Bridging external fixation combined with Kirschner-wire fixation versus volar locked plate fixation for unstable fractures of the distal radius

Lian Zhi-ming1, Yang Jing2, Zhang Tai-liang1, Ma Chuang1, Liu Qiang3, Yang Guang-zhong1   

  1. 1Department of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 3Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Revised:2016-09-07 Online:2016-10-28 Published:2016-10-28
  • Contact: Yang Guang-zhong, Master, Chief physician, Department of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Lian Zhi-ming, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81560350

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
桥接外固定架:由连接杆、Schanz螺钉及万向关节构成,材质为钛合金,外固定架具有轴向持续牵张作用,其原理是基于骨折的韧带整复作用来实现解剖复位的。文中采用外固定架跨关节固定骨折断端,并对主要骨折块进行克氏针加强固定,进一步复位和维持固定,使骨折端固定更加牢固,但维持骨折复位的能力不如板钉固定,掌侧骨折块容易出现复位丢失,后期关节僵硬发生概率较内固定大,同时术后骨穿针松动、针道感染、关节僵硬、桡神经浅支损伤等是其常见并发症。
掌侧锁定钢板:由锁定接骨板和锁定加压螺钉组成,其材质为钛合金,具有成角稳定性,增强了对骨质疏松性骨折块的稳定。关节面下方的螺钉位于关节软骨下方,对关节面的支撑效果更好,可以避免关节面继发塌陷。钉板一体也降低了螺钉松动退出的风险。由于其直视下操作对骨折块复位,桡骨远端掌侧面平坦,与金属接骨板更加贴服;钢板表面有旋前方肌覆盖,基本不会发生肌腱刺激症状,术后可以早期进行功能锻炼。
 
摘要
背景:目前临床上对于不稳定型桡骨远端骨折多采用外固定架和切开复位钢板内固定进行治疗,这两种方法各有其优缺点。
目的:比较桥接外固定架联合克式针与掌侧锁定钢板修复桡骨远端不稳定型骨折的术后影像学指标和功能结果。
方法:收集2014年10月至2016年4月新疆医科大学第一附属医院显微修复重建外科收治的68例桡骨远端不稳定型骨折患者,随机分为2组,每组34例。外固定组行桥接外固定架联合克式针治疗,内固定组行掌侧锁定钢板置入内固定。通过随访比较2组患者术后影像学测量参数及腕关节功能指标,并采用Cooney功能评分对修复效果进行评价。
结果与结论:①所有患者术后均获得完整随访,随访时间外固定组12-16个月,内固定组13-15个月。术后拍X射线片复查显示2组骨折均全部愈合;②术后3个月时,2组患者腕关节的旋前、旋后,背伸和桡偏活动度差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05),内固定更具优势。到6个月时这些差异有所减小,然而腕关节背伸、旋前活动度在内固定组仍较好。但术前及术后12个月2组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。尽管内固定组的腕关节活动度更好,但是两组间的握力在1年随访期的任何时间点差异均无显著性意义;③结果发现,相比闭合复位外固定架治疗,掌侧锁定板固定在术后早期效果更佳,随着时间的推移,两种修复方式的临床评估结果趋于一致。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
 
ORCID: 0000-0001-7276-2416(廉志明)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 不稳定桡骨远端骨折, 内固定, 外固定, 腕关节活动度, 影像学指标, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The unstable distal radius fractures are clinically treated with external fixation, open reduction and internal fixation at present. These two methods have their advantages and disadvantages. 

OBJECTIVE: To compare the radiological, clinical and functional outcomes of two groups of patients treated by bridging external fixation combined with Kirschner wire fixation versus volar locked plate for a displaced fracture of the distal radius.
METHODS: We collected 68 cases of unstable distal radius fractures in the Department of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China from October 2014 to April 2016. They were randomly assigned to two groups, with 34 in each group. Patients in the external fixation group received external fixator and Kirschner wire. Patients in the internal fixation group received volar locked plate. In the follow-up, outcomes were assessed by radiographic parameters, function parameters, and Cooney functional score between both groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up. External fixation group was followed up for 12-16 months. Internal fixation group was followed up for 13-15 months. X-rays showed all fractures healed. (2) At 3 months postoperatively, significant differences in pronation, supination, extension and radial deviation were detected between the two groups (P < 0.05), and the internal fixation had more advantages. At 6 months, these differences had become reduced. The extension of the wrist and pronation were still better in the internal fixation group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups between preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). The range of motion of the wrist was better in the internal fixation group, but no significant difference in the grip strength was determined between the two groups at any time points in 1-year follow-up. (3) These results demonstrated that compared with the external fixation, volar locked plate fixation showed better early recovery postoperatively. With time prolonged, clinical outcomes of both repair methods tended to be consistent. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Radius Fractures, Fracture Fixation, Internal Fixators, External Fixators, Tissue Engineering

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