中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (39): 5859-5866.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.39.013

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

髂骨单钉与双钉钛笼固定修复重建腰骶部缺损的有限元分析

马 亮1, 郭卫春1,许永涛2   

  1. 1武汉大学人民医院骨外科,湖北省武汉市 430060;2荆州市中心医院骨科,湖北省荆州市 434020
  • 修回日期:2016-07-10 出版日期:2016-09-23 发布日期:2016-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 郭卫春,博士,主任医师,武汉大学人民医院骨外科,湖北省武汉市 430060
  • 作者简介:马亮,1981年生,湖北省赤壁市人,汉族,武汉大学人民医院骨外科在职博士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科临床工作。

Single iliac screw and dual iliac screws and titanium mesh cage fixation in the reconstruction of lumbosacral defects with finite element analysis

Ma Liang1, Guo Wei-chun1, Xu Yong-tao2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-07-10 Online:2016-09-23 Published:2016-09-23
  • Contact: Guo Wei-chun, M.D., Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Ma Liang, Studying for doctorate, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
文题释义:
髂骨钉技术:作为改良Galveston技术,置钉区域是从髂骨的髂后上棘到髂前上棘之间宽阔区域,置钉容易,操作简便,省去了复杂的弯棒操作。髂骨单钉技术用于骶骨肿瘤切除、腰骶部结核、严重腰骶部外伤不稳时重建腰骶部的稳定性,取得了良好的效果,但在病变范围较大时,髂骨钉断裂的报道也不少见。于是对髂骨单钉的改进包括采用髂骨双钉,添加前路以及横向的支撑物等。这些改进措施可有效降低髂骨钉固定时的应力,提高手术成功率。
腰骶部内固定技术:主要包括前路的支撑和后路的固定技术。腰骶部前柱支撑物可以有效提高腰骶部的稳定性,降低屈伸活动中S1椎弓根螺钉及髂骨螺钉的应力。采用轴向的前柱支撑物可以提供与髂骨钉相当的腰骶关节的稳定性,腰骶前路钢板可以显著的增加腰骶部的稳定性,但是腰骶部前路手术周围血管神经多,操作空间有限,术后并发症多,所以目前多采用经后路放置前路支撑物的方法。
 
摘要
背景:严重腰骶部缺损及不稳如何进行稳定性重建是很有挑战性的问题。目前有多种技术来重建腰骶部稳定性,但内固定松动、断裂、假关节形成等不少见。
目的:有限元法分析2种腰骶部重建方式的稳定性以及内固定系统的应力分布。
方法:采用64排螺旋CT自L1-骨盆水平薄层扫描的数据导入到Mimics 15.0医学图像处理软件中,构建三维表面模型,再导入SolidWorks 逆向工程软件建立实体模型。用Solidworks软件构建L34椎弓根螺钉联合髂骨单钉固定(单钉)和L34椎弓根螺钉联合髂骨双钉并前路支撑(双钉+钛笼)并装配。模拟腰骶部缺损的情况,以上述2种手术方式进行腰骶部稳定性重建。对模型进行赋值,用ABAQUS软件分析。
结果与结论:①在约束臼顶,在L2上缘施加1 000 N的轴向载荷模拟站立负重情况下,完整模型最大应力值为195.3 MPa,单钉模型为189.5 MPa,双钉+钛笼模型为149.2 MPa;②计算轴向压缩刚度完整模型为551.572 N/mm,单钉模型为613.87 N/mm,双钉+钛笼模型为1 683.50 N/mm;③在施加6个方向的7 N•m弯曲载荷下,在6个方向的弯曲刚度上,双钉+钛笼支撑模型最大。模型在6个方向的最大应力值比较,单钉模型最大;④结果提示,髂骨双钉+钛笼支撑重建可有效恢复腰骶部的稳定性,内固定系统承受的应力较小也较分散。髂骨单钉重建连接棒处及螺钉尾部有明显的应力集中,内固定容易疲劳断裂及松动。

ORCID:0000-0001-9776-7010(马亮)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨科植入物, 数字化骨科, 腰骶部, 生物力学, 有限元分析, 脊柱骨盆重建, 融合术, 髂骨螺钉, 前柱支撑物, 内固定

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The surgical management to reconstruct the stability in lumbosacral region is very challenging. There are many techniques to reconstruct the stability of the lumbosacral region, but the internal fixation loosening, fracture and pseudoarthosis are not uncommon.

OBJECTIVE: Finite element analysis was used to analyze the stability of two types of reconstruction procedures and the stress of the internal fixation system.
METHODS: A 64-slice spiral CT scan was used in a subject from L1 to pelvis. The scan data were imported into the Mimics 15.0 software to generate a three-dimensional surface model. The three-dimensional solid model was established using in the SolidWorks software. The solid geometry model of the L3, 4 pedicle screws combined with single iliac screw fixation and L3,4 pedicle screws combined with dual iliac screws and anterior titanium mesh cage support fixation were constructed by the Solidworks software. Two kinds of reconstruction procedures were simulated. The models were given material properties and analyzed by using the ABAQUS software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The maximum stress was 195.3 MPa in the complete model, 189.5 MPa in single iliac screw model, and 149.2 MPa in dual iliac screw + titanium cage model when constrained the roof of double acetabulum and applied a vertical load of 1 000 N. (2) The axial compression rigidity was 551.572 N/mm in the complete model, 613.87 N/mm in the single iliac screw model and 1 683.50 N/mm in the dual iliac screw+titanium cage model. (3) The bending rigidity of the dual iliac screw + titanium cage model was bigger than other models at 6 directions when applied 7 N•m bending loads. The maximum stress of single iliac screw model was bigger than other models. (4) The results suggest that the dual iliac screw + titanium mesh cage reconstruction can effectively restore the stability of the lumbosacral area. The stress of internal fixation system is smaller and more dispersed. There is obvious stress concentration in the connecting rod and the tail of the single iliac screw. The single iliac screw internal fixation system is easy to fatigue fracture and loosening.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbosacral Region, Internal Fixators, Stress, Finite Element Analysis, Tissue Engineering

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