中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (35): 5263-5269.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.35.014

• 脊柱损伤基础实验 basic experiments of spinal injury • 上一篇    下一篇

椎体成形后新发椎体压缩骨折:与骨质疏松及脊柱矢状位序列失衡有关

张义龙,任 磊,孙志杰,王雅辉,孙 贺   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院脊柱外科,河北省承德市   067000
  • 修回日期:2016-06-06 出版日期:2016-08-26 发布日期:2016-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 孙贺,主任医师,承德医学院附属医院脊柱外科,河北省承德市 067000
  • 作者简介:张义龙,男,1978年生,河北省深泽县人,汉族,2001年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    承德医学院附属医院科研青年基金(201406)“脊柱矢状位影像学参数与椎体骨质疏松性骨折的相关性分析”

New vertebral compression fractures after vertebroplasty: association with osteoporosis and spinal sagittal imbalances

Zhang Yi-long, Ren Lei, Sun Zhi-jie, Wang Ya-hui, Sun He   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-06-06 Online:2016-08-26 Published:2016-08-26
  • Contact: Sun He, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Yi-long, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Scientific Research Youth Foundation of Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, No. 201406

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
文题释义:
经皮椎体成形术:指应用穿刺针经皮穿刺通过椎弓根(或椎弓根外)向椎体内注入骨水泥,以达到增加椎体强度和稳定性,缓解疼痛,防止椎体进一步塌陷,甚至部分恢复椎体高度为目的的一种微创脊柱外科技术。其适应证主要有:椎体骨质疏松性压缩骨折、椎体血管瘤、骨髓瘤、椎体原发及转移性恶性肿瘤以及部分椎体良性肿瘤。
脊柱矢状位失衡:在矢状位上,脊柱有无整体失衡主要取决于骶骨后上角和C7椎体中心的垂直位置,一般采用C7椎体中点铅垂线(C7PL)至骶骨后上角距离与骶股间距(SFD)的比值来评估有无矢状位失衡,当C7PL位于骶骨后上角后方时该值为负,C7PL位于骶骨后上角前方时该值为正,位于髋关节中心前方时该值> 1。正常情况下,该值范围为-0.9±1,该比值≤ 0为理想的平衡状态,0 <比值≤ 0.5为平衡代偿,比值> 0.5为失衡状态。
 
摘要
背景:有关椎体成形术后或球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术后出现新发椎体骨折的报道近年来逐渐增多,究竟新发椎体骨折是骨水泥强化后导致,还是骨质疏松自然发展的结果,一直存在争议。
目的:观察骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折经过保守治疗和骨水泥强化治疗后新发骨折的情况,分析新发骨折与脊柱矢状位参数的关系,探索新发椎体骨折的危险因素。
方法:选择2011年6月至2014年12月于承德医学院附属医院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者160例,根据治疗方案分为2组,观察组80例行椎体成形术或椎体后凸成形术,对照组80例行保守治疗。观察组术后1 d、对照组下地活动后摄脊柱全长正侧位X射线片,记录指标包括骨密度、随访期间新发椎体骨折数目和位置以及矢状位参数,对观察指标进行组间比较。末次随访后,2组病例总数按有无新发骨折再次分为2组,比较新划分的2组病例的指标差异,分析椎体新发骨折和脊柱矢状位参数之间的关系。
结果与结论:①两治疗组间性别、年龄、体质量指数、骨密度、骨盆指数、骶骨斜坡、骨盆倾斜度、胸椎后凸角、腰椎前凸角、C7矢状位比值以及新发骨折发生率比较,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②新发椎体骨折组与非骨折组间性别、年龄、体质量指数、骨盆指数、腰椎前凸角比较,差异无显著性意义;骨密度、骶骨斜坡值、骨盆倾斜度、胸椎后凸角、C7矢状位比值2组间差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③结果验证,骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折经过椎体成形术、椎体后凸成形术或保守治疗后新发椎体压缩骨折,与骨质疏松及脊柱矢状位序列失衡有明确的相关性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0001-9026-5050(孙贺)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 胸腰椎, 骨盆, 骨质疏松, 椎体压缩骨折, 邻椎骨折, 矢状位参数, 椎体成形术, 放射摄影术

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recent report addressing new vertebral fracture after vertebroplasty or balloon kyphoplasty has increased gradually. It remains controversial whether new vertebral fracture is induced by bone cement augmentation or osteoporosis. 

OBJECTIVE: To observe new vertebral fracture after conservative treatment and bone cement augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, analyze the relationship between new vertebral fracture and spinal sagittal parameters, and explore the risk factors for new vertebral fracture. 
METHODS: From June 2011 to December 2014, 160 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were selected from the Department of Spine Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College. According to therapeutic regimen, the patients were divided into two groups. The observation group (n=80) received vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty. The control group (n=80) underwent conservative treatment. At 1 day after surgery in the observation group and after walking in the control group, patients were subjected to anteroposterior and lateral X-ray in the entire length of the spine. Bone mineral density, number and location of new vertebral fractures and sagittal parameters during follow-up were recorded and compared between groups. After final follow-up, according to the appearance of new vertebral fracture, patients in both groups were assigned to two subgroups. The difference in above indicators was compared between the two subgroups. The relationship between new vertebral fracture and spinal sagittal parameters was analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, bone mineral density, pelvic index, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle, C7/sacro-femoral distance ratio and occurrence rate of new fractures between the two treated groups (P > 0.05). (2) There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, pelvic index, and lumbar lordotic angle between new vertebral fracture group and non-fracture group. There were statistically significant differences in bone mineral density, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphotic angle and the C7/sacro-femoral distance between the new vertebral fracture group and the control group (P < 0.05). (3) Results confirmed that new vertebral compression fractures after vertebroplasty, Kyphoplasty or conservative treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were definitely associated with osteoporosis and spinal sagittal imbalance.

 

Key words: Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae, Pelvis, Osteoporosis, Fractures, Compression, Vertebroplasty, Tissue Engineering

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