中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (31): 4630-4636.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.31.010

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

三种内固定方式修复股骨颈骨折的有限元分析

夏志锋,梁 明,李亚峰,曾冠楠   

  1. 郑州大学附属郑州中心医院骨科,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 修回日期:2016-04-24 出版日期:2016-07-22 发布日期:2016-07-22
  • 作者简介:夏志锋,男,1965年生,河北省故城县人,汉族,1988年新乡医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科方面的研究。

Finite element analysis of femoral neck fracture with different fixation ways

Xia Zhi-feng, Liang Ming, Li Ya-feng, Zeng Guan-nan   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Revised:2016-04-24 Online:2016-07-22 Published:2016-07-22
  • About author:Xia Zhi-feng, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
空心螺钉内固定:即将3枚螺钉以“品”字形置入股骨颈,具有比较好的抗剪和抗扭效果,适合于关节没有退变、骨折移位比较小的股骨颈骨折,操作简单,损伤比较小,对血运的破坏不大,不断成为内固定的主要选择,有研究发现空心螺钉内固定稳定性好,但术后骨折愈合时间长,容易出现内固定松动以及股骨头坏死,术后翻修率比髋关节置换高。
侧方钢板内固定:具有手术快,术中创伤小等优点,并可以减少术后并发症,和空心螺钉比较,侧方钢板内固定手术时间和失血量和空心螺钉内固定无差异,但术后并发症明显低于空心螺钉,采用抗旋螺钉能够改变引起股骨头坏死的不足,侧方钢板内固定的缺点是主钉容易发生断裂,引起手术失败,修复手术过程中所需术野比较大。
 
摘要
背景:有限元法在股骨颈骨折中被广泛应用,但对股骨颈骨折不同内固定方式的研究不多。
目的:有限元法分析股骨颈骨折不同固定方式的生物力学特性。
方法:对志愿者股骨进行CT扫描,扫描厚度为0.6 mm,从股骨大转子上方开始进行扫描,扫描数据保存为.DICOM格式。将右侧股骨近端数据导入到Mimics软件,按照PauwelsⅠ型骨折截骨。建立2枚拉力螺钉模型、全螺纹空心螺钉模型和股骨近端锁定钢板模型3种股骨颈骨折内固定模型,采用三维有限元法分析股骨颈骨折不同内固定方式模型的应力分布、应力集中部位、位移分布以及最大位移情况。
结果与结论:①2枚拉力螺钉模型的最大应力值最大,全螺纹空心螺钉模型的最大应力值最小。2枚拉力螺钉模型、全螺纹空心螺钉模型和股骨近端锁定钢板模型的最大应力均集中在骨折的内固定端;②2枚拉力螺钉模型的股骨最大应力值最大,股骨近端锁定钢板模型的股骨最大应力值最小。2枚拉力螺钉模型、全螺纹空心螺钉模型和股骨近端锁定钢板模型的股骨最大应力均集中在股骨内侧小转子附近以及股骨内侧和内固定接触处;③2枚拉力螺钉模型的最大位移值最大,全螺纹空心螺钉模型的最大位移值最小,2枚拉力螺钉模型、全螺纹空心螺钉模型和股骨近端锁定钢板模型的最大位移均在股骨头处;④2枚拉力螺钉模型的内固定处最大位移值最大,全螺纹空心螺钉模型的内固定处最大位移值最小。2枚拉力螺钉模型的股骨头处最大位移值最大,全螺纹空心螺钉模型的股骨头处的最大位移值最小;⑤结果表明,对于PauwelsⅠ型骨折而言,全螺纹空心螺钉的内固定效果优于其他2种内固定方式。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0003-0662-0270(夏志锋)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 数字化骨科, 股骨颈骨折, 有限元分析, 内固定, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Finite element method is widely used in the femoral neck fracture, but the study concerning different fixation methods of femoral neck fracture is not much.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze biomechanical properties of different fixation methods for femoral neck fracture using finite element analysis. 
METHODS: The femur of voluntters was scanned with CT, at thickness 0.6 mm, from the site above the greater trochanter of the femur. Scanning data were saved in .DICOM format. Data of right proximal femur were imported into Mimics software. Osteotomy was performed according to Pauwels I type fracture. Models of two tensile force screws, fully threaded hollow screw and proximal femoral locking plate were established. Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze stress distribution, stress concentration position, displacement distribution and maximum displacement in different models of femoral neck fracture with different internal fixation methods. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The maximum stress value of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum stress value of fully threaded hollow screw model was minimized. The maximum stresses of two lag screws model, fully threaded hollow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model all were concentrated in the fixed end of fractures. (2) The femoral maximum stress of two lag screws model was biggest. The femoral maximum stress value of proximal femoral locking plate model was minimized. The femoral maximum stresses of two lag screws model, fully threaded hollow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model all were concentrated in the medial femoral small rotor near and medial femoral and fixation contact points. (3) The maximum displacement of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum displacement of fully threaded hollow screw model was minimized. The maximum displacement of two lag screws model, fully threaded hollow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model all was in the femoral head. (4) The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model fixed place was biggest. The maximum displacement value of fully threaded hollow screw model fixed place was minimized. The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model was biggest at femoral head. The maximum displacement value of fully threaded hollow screw model was minimized at femoral head. (5) Results showed that the treatment effect of fully threaded hollow screw on Pauwels I fractures was better than other two fixation methods.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Finite Element Analysis, Internal Fixators, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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