中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (17): 2503-2510.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.17.010

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

不同骨科植入物修复老年髋部疾病:并发症及死亡因素分析

陈翔溆,王 宸,林禹丞,王善正,张学军   

  1. 东南大学附属中大医院骨科,江苏省南京市 210009
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-28 出版日期:2016-04-22 发布日期:2016-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 王宸,教授,硕士生导师,主任医师,硕士,东南大学附属中大医院骨科,江苏省南京市 210009
  • 作者简介:陈翔溆,男,1989年生,汉族,江苏省泰州市人,东南大学在读硕士,主要从事关节外科研究。

Different orthopedic implants for repairing elderly patients with hip diseases: complications and death factors

Chen Xiang-xu, Wang Chen, Lin Yu-cheng, Wang Shan-zheng, Zhang Xue-jun   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2016-01-28 Online:2016-04-22 Published:2016-04-22
  • Contact: Wang Chen, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Master, Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Chen Xiang-xu, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
骨科植入物:通过侵入的方法,全部导入人体替代组织或保留在体内操作位置的器械;通过侵入的方法,部分导入人体并保留在操作位置至少30 d的医疗器械,也可认作是植入物。主要有骨接合植入物和骨与关节替代物等。
 
背景:骨科老年髋部手术患者常常合并有多种疾病,植入物置入后易发生并发症。
目的:不同骨科植入物修复老年髋部疾病患者的特点及置入后并发症和死亡影响因素的研究。
方法:249例老年患者分别接受全髋关节置换、股骨头置换、股骨近端髓内钉、Gamma钉、空心钉置入治疗。对不同植入物的患者的年龄、性别、髋部疾病类型、麻醉风险评估、心理精神因素、入院血红蛋白、置入前白蛋白、置入前合并症察尔森合并症指数、麻醉方式、骨科植入物、手术持续时间、术中出血、住院时间、并发症、死亡与存活进行分析。
结果与结论:5种骨科植入物修复老年髋部疾病:①不同骨科植入物在患者年龄、麻醉风险评估评分、入院血红蛋白、置入前白蛋白水平方面差异有显著性意义,在住院时间、手术持续时间、术中出血量差异有显著性意义,与并发症及死亡差异无显著性意义。②住院时间、置入前白蛋白及置入前合并症察尔森合并症指数≥3是影响并发症最显著的指标。年龄、入院血红蛋白和置入前合并症察尔森合并症指数≥3是影响死亡最显著的指标。③置入前全面评估患者情况的意义:老年髋部疾病患者行手术治疗时,骨科植入物虽然不是影响置入后并发症及死亡发生的影响因素,但是实施人工关节置换的患者可早期下床负重活动,降低置入后并发症及死亡率;对于高龄、贫血、低白蛋白血症及察尔森合并症指数≥3的患者,要给予高度重视,尽早评估患者察尔森合并症指数,积极处理合并症,纠正贫血和低蛋白血症,预防置入后并发症的发生,可缩短住院时间,降低置入后死亡率。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID:0000-0001-5998-0857(王宸)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 老年患者, 髋部疾病, 察尔森合并症指数, 并发症, 死亡率, 影响因素

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients with hip surgery in the department of orthopedics are often associated with a variety of diseases, and easily suffer from complications after implantation. 

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics and the factors of complications and mortality of the elderly patients with hip disease by different orthopedic implants.
METHODS: 249 patients accepted total hip arthroplasty, femoral head replacement, proximal femoral nail, Gamma nail, and hollow screw fixation. We analyzed patients’ age, sex, hip disease type, anesthesia risk assessment, psychological and psychiatric factors, admission hemoglobin, preoperative albumin, Charlson comorbidity index, ways of anesthesia, orthopedic implants, operation time, intraoperative bleeding, length of stay, postoperative complications, mortality and survival.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hip disease in the elderly was repaired with five kinds of implants. (1) There were significant differences in age, anesthesia risk assessment, hemoglobin on admission and preoperative albumin, length of stay, duration and intraoperative bleeding. No significant difference in complications and death was found. (2) The most significant indicators affecting complications were length of stay and albumin on admission and preoperative Charlson comorbidity index. The most significant indicators affecting death were age and hemoglobin on admission and preoperative Charlson comorbidity index. (3) Significance of comprehensive assessment of patients before placement: during hip operation, implants were not the factors that affected the complications and mortality after placement, patients with artificial joint replacement could get out of bed early, and complications and mortality could be reduced. Elderly patients with anemia, hypoalbuminemia and Charlson comorbidity index ≥3 should be given a high degree of attention. We should assess Charlson comorbidity index as early as possible, positively treat complications, correct anemia and hypoproteinemia, prevent the occurrence of complications, shorten the length of hospital stay, and reduce the mortality after placement.
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Aged, Hip Joint, Prostheses and Implants, Tissue Engineering