中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (39): 6256-6261.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.39.005

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节置换后镇痛方案的选择与安全性评价

王荣国,齐敦益   

  1. 江苏省徐州市中心医院麻醉科,江苏省徐州市  221009
  • 出版日期:2015-09-24 发布日期:2015-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 齐敦益,硕士生导师,主任医师,江苏省徐州市中心医院麻醉科,江苏省徐州市
  • 作者简介:王荣国,男,1982年生,汉族,江苏省徐州市人,主治医师

Analgesic scheme and safety after total knee arthroplasty

Wang Rong-guo, Qi Dun-yi   

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2015-09-24 Published:2015-09-24
  • Contact: Qi Dun-yi, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Wang Rong-guo, Attending physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

背景:积极的人工全膝关节置换极大改善了膝关节退行性疾病患者的生活质量,但围置换期急性疼痛广泛存在,增加了并发症的发生概率,阻碍了患者的康复锻炼,因此围置换期疼痛处理成为当前膝关节置换的重要课题。
目的:观察比较包括帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛、关节周围镇痛、帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛与关节周围镇痛联合等方案在患者膝关节置换后镇痛中的疗效及安全性,探索合理有效的镇痛方案。
方法:随机选择江苏省徐州市中心医院在2012年5月至2014年12月收治的60例膝关节置换患者,通过随机数表法将其分为帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛组、关节周围镇痛组、帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛+关节周围镇痛组、空白对照组,每组15例,在膝关节置换中对患者实施不同的镇痛方案。
结果与结论:置换后6,12,24,36 h,与其他3组比较,帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛+关节周围镇痛组各时间段的静息痛、活动痛疼痛评分及镇痛药物用量均显著降低(P < 0.05),置换后麻醉剂的使用时间间隔明显长于其他3组(P < 0.05)。置换后3 d,与其他3组比较,内帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛+关节周围镇痛组患者置换后的主动抬腿时间、主动屈膝90°时间显著缩短(P < 0.05),而膝关节活动度较好。帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛+关节周围镇痛组患者在3组中不良反应发生率最低(P < 0.05)。结果提示帕瑞昔布钠联合关节周围镇痛是一种安全可行的镇痛方案,能显著减少膝关节置换后疼痛,减少麻醉用量,患者置换后不良反应降低,有助于改善患者的关节活动度并促进患者早期康复。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 镇痛, 膝关节, 置换, 超前镇痛, 关节周围镇痛, 患者控制, 围置换期, 帕瑞昔布钠, 多模式, 神经传导阻滞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Positive total knee replacement surgery greatly improved the quality of life in patients with knee joint degenerative disease, but widespread perioperative acute pain increases the probability of complications and hinders the rehabilitation exercises of patients; therefore perioperative pain processing has become an important topic of the current knee replacement.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of preemptive analgesia of parecoxib sodium, periarticular analgesia and their combination in the total knee arthroplasty, and explore reasonable and effective analgesic scheme.
METHODS: 60 patients undergoing knee replacement were randomly selected in Xuzhou Central Hospital from May 2012 to December 2014, and then they were divided with a random number table into four groups: preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium, periarticular analgesia, combination and blank control, with 15 cases in each group. Different programs were used in each group during total knee arthroplasty.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after operation, rest pain scores, activity pain scores and drug dose were significantly lower in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05). Time interval of anesthetic use was significantly longer in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05). At 3 days 
after replacement, active leg-raising time and active genuflex 90° time were significantly shorter in the combination group than other three groups (P < 0.05), and range of motion of the knee was good. The incidence of adverse reaction was lowest in the combination group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that preemptive analgesia of parecoxib sodium combined with periarticular analgesia is a safe and effective analgesic option, can obviously reduce pain after replacement, the amount of anesthetics and adverse reactions, improve range of motion of the knee and promote early rehabilitation of patients.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Knee Joint, Analgesia

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