中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (31): 4967-4972.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.31.009

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

胸段脊髓损伤患者应用截瘫步行矫形器对下肢康复的影响

杨  勤1,唐  丹2,赵艳玲3,朱正坤4,颜修盛1,胡佛生1,徐鸿辉1   

  1. 广东省工伤康复医院从化院区,1康复部,4骨创烧伤康复科,广东省广州市  510970;广东省工伤康复医院,2康复研究所,3语言治疗科,广东省广州市  510440
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-24 出版日期:2015-07-23 发布日期:2015-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 唐丹,博士,主任医师,广东省工伤康复医院康复研究所,广东省广州市 510440
  • 作者简介:杨勤,男,1974年生,湖北省广水市人,汉族,中山大学康复医学与理疗学在读硕士,主管治疗师,主要从事神经康复、骨科康复方面的研究。

Effect of paraplegia walking orthosis on rehabilitation of the lower extremity in patients with thoracic spinal cord injury

Yang Qin1, Tang Dan2, Zhao Yan-ling3, Zhu Zheng-kun4, Yan Xiu-sheng1, Hu Fo-sheng1, Xu Hong-hui1   

  1. 1Department of Rehabilitation, Conghua Branch, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510970, Guangdong Province, China; 2Institute for Rehabilitation and Research, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Language Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong Province, China; 4Department of Bone Trauma and Burn Rehabilitation, Conghua Branch, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510970, Guangdong Province, China)
  • Received:2015-06-24 Online:2015-07-23 Published:2015-07-23
  • Contact: Tang Dan, M.D., Chief physician, Institute for Rehabilitation and Research, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yang Qin, Studying for master’s degree, Therapeutist-in-charge, Department of Rehabilitation, Conghua Branch, Guangdong Provincial Industrial Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou 510970, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

背景:胸段脊髓损伤常导致双下肢截瘫,截瘫步行矫形器能帮助截瘫患者改善下肢功能障碍,提高日常生活活动能力,重获站立和行走能力。
目的:探讨截瘫步行矫形器对胸段脊髓损伤患者下肢肌肉痉挛及功能恢复的影响。
方法:将20例胸段脊髓(T5-12)损伤患者根据损伤平面按美国脊髓损伤协会(American Spinal Injury Association,ASIA)标准分为完全损伤组和不完全损伤组,各10例,均装配截瘫步行矫形器。分别于装配前进行残余肌力训练、坐位平衡训练、转移训练;装配后平行杆内站立训练、平衡及转移训练;室内、户外助行器、肘拐步行训练。
结果与结论:与治疗前相比,胸髓完全性损伤患者装配截瘫步行器治疗12周后ASIA评分增加,感觉无明显变化,痉挛随病程的延长而加重;不完全性损伤患者治疗12周后ASIA评分增加,感觉明显改善,痉挛随病程的延长无改变;两组患者日常生活活动能力(改良Barthel指数、功能独立性评测)有显著改善。与治疗2周时相比,治疗12周时2组患者10 m行走时间显著减少,6 min步行距离延长。说明胸段脊髓损伤患者装配截瘫步行器,能显著改善患者的运动功能、日常生活活动能力和步行能力,对肌痉挛控制也有一定的影响。
 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 植入物, 脊柱植入物, 步行矫形器, 脊髓损伤, 截瘫, 下肢, 康复功能, 肌肉痉挛, 日常生活活动能力, 步行能力

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Thoracic spinal cord injury often leads to double lower limb paralysis. Paraplegia walking orthosis can improve lower limb dysfunction, improve the daily living activity, and regain the ability to stand and walk in patients with paraplegia.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effects of paraplegia walking orthosis on muscle spasticity and recovery of function of the affected lower extremity in patients with thoracic spinal cord injury. 
METHODS: The 20 patients with thoracic spinal cord injury (T5-12), according to the damage plane by American 
Spinal Injury Association standard, were divided into complete damage group and incomplete damage group (n=10). All patients were fitted out paraplegia walking orthosis. They received residual muscle strength training, sitting balance training, and transfer training prior to assembly, and then subjected to standing exercise within parallel bar, balance and transfer training, and walking aid devices training indoor and outdoor, and elbow crutch training on foot after the assembly.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with pre-treatment, American Spinal Injury Association score increased at 12 weeks after treatment with paraplegia walking orthosis, and sensation did not obviously alter. Spasm worsened with prolonged course of disease in the complete damage group. At 12 weeks after treatment, American Spinal Injury Association score increased, sensation apparently improved, and the spasm did not change with time in the incomplete damage group. Activities of daily living (modified Barthel index, and functional independence evaluation) evidently improved in both groups. Compared with 2 weeks, the 10-m walking time was noticeably reduced and the 6-minute walking distance was prolonged at 12 weeks in both groups. These results confirm that paraplegia walking orthosis fitted out in patients with thoracic spinal cord injury significantly improves the patient’s motor function, activities of daily living and walking ability, and also has certain influence on muscle spasm control.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Spinal Cord Injuries, Walkers, Paraplegia, Lower Extremity

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