中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (53): 8623-8628.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.53.018

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

闭合股骨干骨折修复术前隐性失血的规律

王利伟1,王洪炳2,闫金成3,张  开3,古雪建3,李长江1,史福东1   

  1. 1唐山市人民医院,河北省唐山市  063000
    2邢台医学高等专科学校第二附属医院,河北省邢台市  054000
    3河北医科大学第三医院,河北省石家庄市  050000
  • 修回日期:2014-11-27 出版日期:2014-12-24 发布日期:2014-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 闫金成,博士,主任医师,河北医科大学第三医院,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 作者简介:王利伟,男,1985年生,河北省石家庄市人,2014年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事创伤急救方面的研究。

Regularity of hidden blood loss before repair of closed femoral shaft fractures

Wang Li-wei1, Wang Hong-bing2, Yan Jin-cheng3, Zhang Kai3, Gu Xue-jian3, Li Chang-jiang1, Shi Fu-dong1   

  1. 1Tangshan People’s Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
    2Second Affiliated Hospital, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai 054000, Hebei Province, China
    3Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2014-11-27 Online:2014-12-24 Published:2014-12-24
  • Contact: Yan Jin-cheng, M.D., Chief physician, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Li-wei, Master, Physician, Tangshan People’s Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

背景:手术时机的把握、术后功能锻炼及预后情况同隐性失血密切相关,因此骨科临床对骨折隐性失血的关注越来越多。骨折修复围手术期存在不可忽视的隐性失血,相关研究较多,而对于骨折修复术前隐性失血的研究较少。
目的:通过对临床单侧闭合股骨骨折患者修复术前血常规的检测,观察隐性失血的规律,以期更准确的了解患者病情变化及失血量,及时纠正贫血。
方法:选择2013年3月至2014年3月收治的初次单纯一侧股骨干骨折患者50例,其中男27例,女23例;老年组(≥60岁)21例,非老年组(< 60岁)29例。入院后于早晨抽空腹血液测血常规,记录修复术前1-6 d血常规中的血红蛋白、红细胞压积,观察患者每天平均血红蛋白、红细胞压积的下降程度以及最低值出现的时间,了解患者失血量情况。
结果与结论:50例股骨干骨折患者入院后每日血常规指标血红蛋白、红细胞压积均有一定的规律性:患者红细胞压积、血红蛋白最低值均出现在第5天,第1天与第5天的差值分别为10.08%,34.66 g/L,第1天至第5天血常规指标值逐渐下降,第5天达最低,第6天升高。老年组患者血常规指标的最大差值为第1天与第4天的差值,即血红蛋白d1-4为38.84 g/L,红细胞压积d1-4为11.86%,计算失血量为1 335.3 mL;非老年组患者血常规指标最大差值为第1天与第5天的差值,即血红蛋白d1-5为30.42 g/L,红细胞压积d1-5为9.23%,计算失血量为1 073.7 mL。老年组和非老年血常规指标差值分别从第5天和第6天开始降低。对老年组和非老年组血常规指标值进行比较,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),老年组隐性失血量明显大于非老年组。提示股骨干骨折患者修复术前隐性失血量较多,而受伤第1天测得的血常规指标不能立即反映当时的失血量,血常规指标随着入院天数的增加而降低。同时,老年组患者失血量较非老年组患者多,并且失血速度较快。因此,隐性出血应在股骨干骨折中加以重视,规律复查血常规,及时采取相应措施纠正贫血,减少修复术前、术后并发症的发生。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨干骨折, 隐性失血, 血红蛋白, 红细胞压积

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The timing of surgery, postoperative functional exercise and prognosis are strongly associated with hidden blood loss. Therefore, clinical orthopedics pays more and more attention on hidden blood loss after fracture. Hidden blood loss that cannot be ignored exists during perioperative fracture repair, which has been investigated by many studies. Hidden blood loss before repair has been seldom investigated.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the regularity of hidden blood loss so as to precisely understand the changes of illness and blood loss and to treat anemia in time by blood routine examination before repair in patients with unilateral closed femoral shaft fracture.
METHODS: A total of 50 patients with unilateral femoral shaft fractures were selected from March 2013 to March   2014, including 27 males and 23 females. There were 21 cases in the elderly group (≥ 60 years) and 29 cases in the non-elderly group (< 60 years). Fasting blood was extracted in the morning after admission for blood routine examination. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were recorded at 1-6 days before repair. Average decreasing degree and the time of minimum value appearance of hemoglobin and hematocrit were observed every day. Blood loss was known.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The everyday blood routine index (hemoglobin and hematocrit) in 50 patients with femoral shaft fractures after admission has certain regularity. The lowest hemoglobin and hematocrit appeared at 5 days. The difference between the first-day and fifth-day was separately 10.08% and 34.66 g/L. The routine blood index declined gradually from the first day to fifth day. The lowest value appeared on the fifth day, and the highest value appeared on the sixth day. The difference of the first day value and the fourth day value was the maximum difference of blood routine index in the elderly group. The hemoglobin d1-4 was 38.84 g/L and the hematocrit d1-4 was 11.86%. The amount of blood loss was 1 335.3 mL. The difference of the first day value and the fifth day value was the maximum difference of blood routine index in non-elderly group. The hemoglobin d1-5 was 30.42 g/L and the hematocrit d1-5 was 9.23%. The amount of blood loss was 1 073.7 mL. The difference of blood routine index between elderly group and non-elderly group decreased gradually from the fifth day and the sixth day. Significant differences in blood routine indexes were detected between elderly group and non-elderly group (P < 0.05). The amount of hidden blood loss in the elderly group was significantly greater than that in the non-elderly group. The amount of hidden blood loss was more in patients with femoral shaft fractures before repair. Routine blood index detected on the first day cannot reflect the amount of blood loss immediately. Blood routine index decreased gradually along with the increase of the hospitalized days. Simultaneously, blood loss in the elderly group was more than that in the non-elderly group. Moreover, the speed of blood loss was fast. Therefore, hidden blood loss should be heeded in femoral shaft fractures. Blood routine indexes should be regularly reviewed. Measures should be used to correct the anemia so as to reduce the preoperative and postoperative complications.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: femoral fractures, blood loss, surgical, hemoglobins, hematocrit

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