中国组织工程研究

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

失用性骨质疏松症的发病机制及预防治疗进展

袁  伟1,赵金柱2   

  1. 1解放军济南军区青岛第一疗养院门诊部,山东省青岛市  266000
    2 解放军第四○一医院骨一科 山东省青岛市  266071
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-09 修回日期:2012-10-18 出版日期:2013-04-09 发布日期:2013-04-09
  • 作者简介:袁伟☆,女,1979年生,汉族,山东省青岛市人,2008年南方医科大学毕业,博士,主要从事老年病医学研究。 jinzhu_zh@126.com

Pathogenesis, prevention and therapy of disuse osteoporosis

Yuan Wei1, Zhao Jin-zhu2   

  1. 1 Out-patient Department of Qingdao First Sanatorium of Jinan Military Region, Qingdao  266000, Shandong Province, China
    2 Department of Orthopedics, the 401 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Qingdao  266071, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2012-08-09 Revised:2012-10-18 Online:2013-04-09 Published:2013-04-09
  • About author:Yuan Wei☆, Doctor, Out-patient Department of Qingdao First Sanatorium of Jinan Military Region, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China jinzhu_zh@126.com

摘要:

背景:失用性骨质疏松较为常见,因其特殊的病因,预防治疗缺乏有效手段,给社会和家庭带来了巨大的负担。
目的:分析失用性骨质疏松的病因、发病机制及预防治疗方法,为失用性骨质疏松的有效预防提供参考。
方法:检索CNKI和PUBMED数据库,2002年1月至2012年9月收录的失用性骨质疏松症的相关文献,中文检索词为“废用性骨质疏松或失用性骨质疏松”,共检索到中文67篇;英文检索词为“disuse osteoporosis AND English”检索到111篇相关文献,对文章进行初审,纳入文献主题与此文联系密切,原创、论点论据可靠的文章,观点明确,分析全面的文章;排除内容陈旧或重复文献及试验设计不是随机对照试验的文章。
结果与结论:共纳入符合标准的文献50篇(中文25篇,英文25篇)。目前对失用性骨质疏松症的病因大致归为3大类,即机械负重的减少、微重力状态、脊髓及神经损伤。失用性骨质疏松的预防和治疗主要有:药物预防治疗,包括降钙素、中草药、双膦酸盐、维生素、钙、锶盐及神经生长因子等;物理治疗:脉冲电磁场、超声波、共振波、被动运动及电针治疗。目前临床上对失用性骨质疏松症没有理想的预防治疗措施,近年来研究者们开始试图从遗传学角度探讨其发病机制,在一些信号通道蛋白、特异性基因位点的研究中取得了一定进展。

关键词: 组织构建, 组织构建综述, 失用性骨质疏松, 骨质疏松, 病因学, 发病机制, 预防, 机械负重, 微重力, 脊髓, 神经损伤, 物理治疗

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Disuse osteoporosis is common. Due to its special etiology, the prevention and therapy is difficult, and the burden on the social and family is very heavy.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the etiology, pathogenesis and strategy of prevention and therapy of disuse osteoporosis in order to offer a reference for prevention of disuse osteoporosis effectively.
METHODS: CNKI database and PubMed database were searched for the relevant papers of disuse osteoporosis published from January 2002 to September 2012 with the key word of “disuse osteoporosis” in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 178 documents were retrieved. All retrieved articles were checked, and those that were closely relevant with the subject, original and reliable, had clear viewpoint and comprehensive analysis were included. Duplicate documents and experiments without randomized controlled trials were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are 50 articles enrolled in this paper. The etiology of disuse osteoporosis is classified into three kinds: lack of mechanical loading, microgravity status, spinal cord injury and peripheral nerve injury. The prevention and therapy for disuse osteoporosis are shown as follows: (1) drug treatment, including calcitonin, Chinese herbs, diphosphonate, vitamin, calcium, strontium salt and nerve growth factors; (2) physical treatment, including pulse electric-magnetic field, ultrasound, resonance wave, passive movement and electroacupunture treatment. Currently, there is no ideal prevention and treatment strategy for disuse osteoporosis. Scholars have tended to investigate the pathogenesis of disuse osteoporosis from the aspect of genetics recently, and have obtained some progress in signal pathway proteins and special gene loci.

Key words: tissue construction, tissue construction review, disuse osteoporosis, osteoporosis, etiology, pathogenesis, prevention, mechanical load, microgravity, spinal cord, nerve injury, physical therapy

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