中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (28): 4456-4460.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1341

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换过程中限制时间使用和不使用止血带的相关问题

王鑫灵,谭  彪,尹健东,左  彪   

  1. 成都中医药大学附属医院骨科,四川省成都市  610075
  • 出版日期:2019-10-08 发布日期:2019-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 左彪,硕士,成都中医药大学附属医院骨科,四川省成都市 610075
  • 作者简介:王鑫灵,男,1982年生,四川省人,汉族,2010年成都中医药大学毕业,硕士,主治医师。
  • 基金资助:

    四川省科技计划项目(18ZDYF0902),项目负责人:王鑫灵

Restrictive use and non-use tourniquets during total knee arthroplasty

Wang Xinling, Tan Biao, Yin Jiandong, Zuo Biao   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • Online:2019-10-08 Published:2019-10-08
  • Contact: Zuo Biao, Master, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Xinling, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Plan Project of Sichuan Province, No. 18ZDYF0902 (to WXL)

摘要:

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文题释义:
全膝关节置换中止血带在的作用:它能有效减少术中出血,提供干净清晰的手术视野,同时也有利于骨水泥技术的应用。关于全膝关节置换中止血带使用与否的术后效果对比已有报道,但鲜有文献明确提出限制性使用止血带和不使用止血带术后效果差异。
加速康复外科理念:又叫术后促进康复的程序,指的是通过围术期一系列优化措施,以减少患者生理和心理方面的创伤应激,加速患者康复。
 
摘要
背景:关于全膝关节置换中止血带使用与否的术后效果对比已有报道,但鲜有文献明确提出限制性使用止血带和不使用止血带术后效果的差异。
目的:观察全膝关节置换中限制性使用和不使用止血带对患者术后加速康复的影响。
方法:随机选取2017年7月至2018年12月在成都中医药大学附属医院接受全膝关节置换治疗的患者90例,将患者随机分为3组:①限制使用止血带组:截骨完成后,仅于假体安装时应用止血带治疗,于膝关节假体成功放置且骨水泥硬化时结束;②后半程使用止血带组:截骨完成后,安装假体时开始使用止血带,直到切口缝合加压包扎;③不使用止血带组:全程不使用止血带,每组各30例。各组患者皆采用同样的围术期处理及加速康复训练,比较3组患者术后静脉血血红蛋白水平、C-反应蛋白水平、目测类比及HSS评分变化。
结果与结论:①与限制性使用组和不使用止血带组比较,后半程使用止血带组术后1,3 d的膝关节疼痛目测类比评分和静脉血C-反应蛋白水平及术后1 d血红蛋白水平升高(P < 0.05),术后3,7 d膝关节HSS评分降低(P < 0.05);②术后限制使用止血带组和不使用止血带组的目测类比评分、HSS评分、C-反应蛋白及血红蛋白水平无显著差异;③结果证实,限制性使用止血带与不使用止血带对全膝关节置换后早期康复效果无明显差异,全膝关节置换后半程使用止血带会加重术后早期疼痛。

关键词: 加速康复, 止血带, 全膝关节置换, 限制性使用, 术后康复, 血红蛋白, C-反应蛋白, 临床观察, 疼痛

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: A comparison of the postoperative effects of the use of tourniquet has been reported, but few literatures have clearly indicated differences in the effects of restrictive use of tourniquets and no use of tourniquets.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of restrictive use and non-use of tourniquet in patients undergoing preliminary total knee arthroplasty within enhanced recovery after surgery mode.
METHODS: Totally 90 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty in Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into three groups (n=30 per group) according to the method of the tourniquet during the operation. In the restrictive use group, after the osteotomy was completed, only the tourniquet treatment was applied when the prosthesis was installed, and the knee joint prosthesis was successfully placed and the cement was hardened. In the second half use group, after the osteotomy was completed, the tourniquet was used when the prosthesis was installed until the incision was sutured and pressure-wrapped. In the non-use group, no inflated tourniquet was used during operation. The same perioperative management and rehabilitation training were used in all patients of each group. Hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, visual analogue scale scores and HSS score were observed and compared between groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the restrictive use group and the non-use group, the knee visual analogue scale scores and C-reactive protein level at 1 and 3 days after operation and the hemoglobin level at 1 day after operation both increased in the second half use group (P < 0.05); however, the knee HSS scores at 3 and 7 days decreased (P < 0.05). (2) There were no significant differences in visual analogue scale score, HSS score, C-reactive protein, and hemoglobin levels between the restrictive use group and the non-use group after surgery. (3) There was no significant difference in the early postoperative rehabilitation between the restrictive use and non-use tourniquet, but the use of tourniquets in the second half would aggravate early postoperative pain.

Key words: accelerated rehabilitation, tourniquet, total knee arthroplasty, restrictive use, postoperative rehabilitation, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, clinical observation, pain

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