中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (36): 5889-5896.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0612

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

应用运动传感器量化监测智力障碍者的身体活动水平

王丹丹,张  磊,吴雪萍   

  1. (上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市   200438?)
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-07
  • 通讯作者: 吴雪萍,博士,教授,博士生导师,上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:王丹丹,女,1989年生,河南省洛阳市人,上海体育学院在读博士,主要从事残障人身体活动与健康促进研究。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(15490503000)

Physical activity of people with intellectual disability measured by motion sensor

Wang Dandan, Zhang Lei, Wu Xueping   

  1.  (School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China)
  • Received:2018-08-07
  • Contact: Wu Xueping, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Wang Dandan, Doctoral candidate, School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science Research Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 15490503000

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
运动传感器:运动传感器作为可穿戴设备,主要有计步器和加速度计两种,其工作原理是将设备固定于身体的某部位,以感应肢体或躯干的运动。
智力障碍:智力障碍是以智力功能和适应性行为两方面都存在显著性限制为特征的障碍,障碍发生在18岁之前。其中,智力功能的限制主要表现在认知方面,适应性行为的限制主要表现在概念性的、社会性的以及应用性的适应技能方面。
身体活动:身体活动是骨骼肌收缩引起能量消耗的所有活动。它是一种复杂行为,受一系列相互关联的复杂变量影响,常用的测量指标包括:频率、强度、持续时间、能量消耗、步行数、心率等。人类的身体活动每天、每周、每月、每年都有所变化,且身体活动对健康的促进作用是需要经过时间积累的,因此,目前身体活动研究中多是针对特定时间的身体活动进行测量。
摘要
背景
:身体活动参与能改善智力障碍者的身体功能和生活技能以补偿智力功能的缺陷,从而减轻家庭的照顾成本。国外应用运动传感器测量智力障碍者身体活动的研究已具有一定的广度和深度,而国内相关研究刚刚起步。
目的:归纳国外应用运动传感器测量智力障碍者身体活动的研究,系统梳理研究中智力障碍者身体活动相关主题,为国内该人群针对性的身体活动健康促进方案的制定提供借鉴和参考。
方法:以Web of Science为检索数据库,以“intellectual disability”和“mental retardation” 为人群关键词、以“physical activity”和“exercise” 为行为关键词进行主题检索,人群关键词检索结果与行为关键词检索结果进行“AND组配”,语种为英语,检索有效时间为2007至2017年。测量工具必须使用加速度计和计步器是文献筛选的基本条件。
结果与结论:①加速度计和计步器作为智力障碍者身体活动水平测量工具具有较高的一致性和精确性;②0%-43%的智力障碍者能满足身体活动的推荐量标准,满足推荐量的人数比例低于健全人;③横向研究表明智力障碍者身体活动水平与体质量指数、血压、最大摄氧量等健康指标相关;④智力障碍者身体活动参与的影响因素中个体的功能和能力是直接因素,社会和环境因素是促成强化因素;⑤运动锻炼和健康知识学习干预使智力障碍者的身体活动水平有所改善,但效果不显著。未来中国相关研究一方面要重视横向、纵向交叉研究探索智力障碍者身体活动水平与健康的关系;另一方面身体活动干预方案的制定和实施既要重视方案设计的针对性,又要注意干预时间的持续性,同时不能忽视效果测评的周期性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-3126-5525(王丹丹)

关键词: 身体活动, 运动, 锻炼, 加速度计, 计步器, 智力障碍, 智力落后, 国外, 健康促进, 组织构建

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Documented benefits of physical activity include improvement in physical function and life skills for people with intellectual disabilities, thus reducing family burden. The measurement toll of physical activity in foreign countries has been well studied, while it is still in the early stage in China.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the researches concerning measuring physical activity using motion sensor tools in people with intellectual disabilities, so as to provide reference for physical activity health promotion program in these populations.
METHODS: Web of Science was searched with keywords of “intellectual disability, mental retardation, physical activity, exercise” from 2007 to 2017. The measurement tools must be accelerometer or pedometer.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Accelerometer and pedometer have high validity and reliability in measurement of physical activity among people with intellectual disabilities. 0%-43% people with intellectual disabilities meet the physical activity recommendation guidelines, which is lower than the proportion of typically developing people. Cross-sectional studies show that physical activity is related to body mass index, blood pressure and VO2max. Physical activity participation is a direct factor influencing physical function, while social and environment factors are the indirect factors. Intervention of exercise and health knowledge learning can increase physical activity to some extent. Future studies should be focused on horizontal and longitudinal relationship between physical activity and health factors. The formulation and implementation of the physical activity intervention program should not only pay attention to the pertinence of the scheme design, but also pay attention to the persistence of the intervention time, while the periodicity of the effect evaluation should never be ignored.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Intelligence, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Sports Medicine, Tissue Engineering

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